Pediatrics. 1996 Aug;98(2 Pt 1):305-7.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recognizes the abuse of psychoactive drugs as one of the greatest problems facing children and adolescents and condemns all such use. Diagnostic testing for drugs of abuse is frequently an integral part of the pediatrician's evaluation and management of those suspected of such use. "Voluntary screening" is the term applied to many mass non-suspicion-based screening programs, yet such programs may not be truly voluntary as there are often negative consequences for those who choose not to take part. Participation in such programs should not be a prerequisite to participation in school activities. Involuntary testing is not appropriate in adolescents with decisional capacity-even with parental consent-and should be performed only if there are strong medical or legal reasons to do so. The AAP reaffirms its position that the appropriate response to the suspicion of drug abuse in a young person is the referral to a qualified health care professional for comprehensive evaluation.
美国儿科学会（AAP）认为，滥用精神活性药物是儿童和青少年面临的最严重问题之一，并谴责所有此类药物的使用。对滥用药物进行诊断检测通常是儿科医生对疑似使用此类药物的患者进行评估和管理的一个组成部分。“自愿筛查”这一术语适用于许多基于非怀疑的大规模筛查项目，但此类项目可能并非真正自愿，因为对于那些选择不参与的人往往会有负面后果。参与此类项目不应成为参与学校活动的先决条件。对于有决策能力的青少年，即使有父母同意，非自愿检测也是不合适的，只有在有充分的医学或法律理由时才应进行。AAP重申其立场，即对于怀疑年轻人滥用药物的适当应对措施是将其转介给合格的医疗保健专业人员进行全面评估。
