Englyst H N, Kingman S M, Hudson G J, Cummings J H
MRC Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Cambridge.
Br J Nutr. 1996 May;75(5):749-55. doi: 10.1079/bjn19960178.
The digestibility of the starch in plant foods is highly variable, and is dependent on a number of factors, including the physical structure of both the starch and the food matrix. An in vitro technique has been developed to categorize starch in plant foods according to its likely rate and extent of digestion in the human small intestine. The in vitro method provides values for rapidly digestible starch, slowly digestible starch and resistant starch (RS). In the present study values for the RS content of foods, as measured by the analytical technique, were compared with the recovery of starch from these foods when fed to healthy ileostomates. Nine ileostomy subjects were given a polysaccharide-free diet with a breakfast supplement, on eac of 2 d (two subjects) or 3 d (seven subjects), of biscuits made from wheat, potato or banana flours or from moist-heat-processed wheat or maize flours. RS intakes measured in vitro ranged from 8.5 to 15.0 g/d for the test biscuits, and mean starch recoveries in ileostomy effluent were 100.4 (n5, range 91-106)% of those values, but there was substantial variation between individuals. It is proposed that RS is defined as 'the sum of starch and starch-degradation products that, on average, reach the human large intestine'. The analytical method for the measurement of RS in vitro based on this definition is shown to provide an accurate prediction of the average amount of starch that is likely to escape complete digestion and absorption in the human small intestine.
植物性食物中淀粉的消化率差异很大，并且取决于多种因素，包括淀粉和食物基质的物理结构。已经开发出一种体外技术，根据淀粉在人类小肠中可能的消化速率和程度对植物性食物中的淀粉进行分类。该体外方法提供了快速消化淀粉、缓慢消化淀粉和抗性淀粉（RS）的值。在本研究中，通过分析技术测得的食物中RS含量的值，与将这些食物喂给健康回肠造口者时淀粉的回收率进行了比较。9名回肠造口术受试者接受了不含多糖的饮食，并在2天（2名受试者）或3天（7名受试者）中的每一天早餐补充由小麦、土豆或香蕉粉或湿热处理的小麦或玉米粉制成的饼干。测试饼干的体外RS摄入量为8.5至15.0克/天，回肠造口流出物中的平均淀粉回收率为这些值的100.4（n = 5，范围91 - 106）%，但个体之间存在很大差异。建议将RS定义为“平均到达人类大肠的淀粉和淀粉降解产物的总和”。基于此定义的体外测量RS的分析方法被证明能够准确预测可能在人类小肠中逃脱完全消化和吸收的淀粉平均量。
