Compas B E, Worsham N L, Ey S, Howell D C
Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405, USA.
Health Psychol. 1996 May;15(3):167-75. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.15.3.167.
Cognitive appraisals and coping were examined in children, adolescents, and young adults (N = 134) faced with the diagnosis of cancer in a parent. All 3 age groups perceived low personal control and high external control over their parent's illness and used relatively little problem-focused coping. Adolescents and young adults reported more emotion-focused coping and dual-focused coping (both problem- and emotion-focused in intent) than did preadolescent children. Stage and prognosis of parent's cancer were related to appraisals of greater seriousness and stressfulness, and to more avoidance; however, only appraisals of stress were related to symptoms of anxiety-depression. Emotion-focused coping was related to greater avoidance and to higher symptoms of anxiety-depression; coping and control beliefs did not interact in their association with anxiety-depression symptoms.
对134名面临父母患癌诊断的儿童、青少年和年轻人进行了认知评估和应对方式的研究。所有这三个年龄组都认为对父母的疾病个人控制能力低而外部控制能力高，并且较少使用以问题为中心的应对方式。与青春期前儿童相比，青少年和年轻人报告了更多以情绪为中心的应对方式和双重聚焦应对方式（意图上既有以问题为中心又有以情绪为中心）。父母癌症的阶段和预后与对更严重和更具压力的评估以及更多的回避有关；然而，只有压力评估与焦虑抑郁症状有关。以情绪为中心的应对方式与更多的回避和更高的焦虑抑郁症状有关；应对方式和控制信念在与焦虑抑郁症状的关联中没有相互作用。
