Hammock R G, Schroeder S R, Levine W R
University of Kansas, USA.
J Autism Dev Disord. 1995 Dec;25(6):611-26. doi: 10.1007/BF02178191.
Traditional neuroleptic drugs like thioridazine and haloperidol have not proven to be systematically effective with the treatment of self-injurious behavior (SIB). These drugs may be ineffective because they primarily block D2 dopamine receptors. Based on research with humans and other animals, it appears that another dopamine receptor, D1, may be responsible for mediating some SIB. Clozapine, a neuroleptic recently introduced in the United States, has proven effective in treatment of refractory cases of schizophrenia and is known to have an affinity for blocking D1 receptors. The drug was used to complete a 93-week double-blind crossover trial with a client displaying chronic SIB. Though clozapine is known to affect other neurotransmitter systems, the successful treatment of the participant is consistent with the D1 hypothesis of self-injurious behavior and suggests the possibility that clozapine could be an effective pharmacological intervention for some cases of SIB.
传统的抗精神病药物，如硫利达嗪和氟哌啶醇，尚未被证明对治疗自伤行为（SIB）有系统性疗效。这些药物可能无效，因为它们主要阻断D2多巴胺受体。基于对人类和其他动物的研究，另一种多巴胺受体D1似乎可能负责介导某些自伤行为。氯氮平是最近在美国推出的一种抗精神病药物，已被证明对治疗难治性精神分裂症有效，并且已知对阻断D1受体具有亲和力。该药物用于对一名表现出慢性自伤行为的患者进行了为期93周的双盲交叉试验。尽管已知氯氮平会影响其他神经递质系统，但该参与者的成功治疗与自伤行为的D1假说一致，并表明氯氮平可能是某些自伤行为病例的有效药物干预措施。
