Aly R, Berger T
Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco 94143-0517, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 1996 May;22 Suppl 2:S128-32. doi: 10.1093/clinids/22.supplement_2.s128.
Superficial mycotic infections such as seborrheic dermatitis, tinea pedis, tinea corporis, and onychomycosis are common in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In communities where HIV infections are frequent, some of these clinical presentations serve as markers of the stage of HIV infection. The diagnosis of superficial fungal infection in HIV-positive patients may be difficult because of atypical clinical manifestations. Therefore, to ensure a correct diagnosis, skin scrapings should be collected for potassium hydroxide preparations and cultures. Most forms of dermatophytosis in HIV-positive patients respond well to many topical antifungal agents, such as azoles, terbinafine, and ciclopirox olamine. If the disease is chronic and extensive, then ketoconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole are each effective.
脂溢性皮炎、足癣、体癣和甲癣等浅表真菌感染在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的患者中很常见。在HIV感染频繁的社区，其中一些临床表现可作为HIV感染阶段的标志物。由于临床表现不典型，HIV阳性患者浅表真菌感染的诊断可能会很困难。因此，为确保正确诊断，应采集皮肤刮屑进行氢氧化钾制剂检查和培养。HIV阳性患者的大多数皮肤癣菌病形式对许多局部抗真菌药物反应良好，如唑类、特比萘芬和环吡酮胺。如果疾病是慢性且广泛的，那么酮康唑、氟康唑和伊曲康唑均有效。
