He S Y, Matoba R, Fujitani N, Sodesaki K, Onishi S
Department of Forensic Medicine, Saga Medical School, Japan.
Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1996 Jun;17(2):155-62. doi: 10.1097/00000433-199606000-00014.
Cardiovascular complications associated with methamphetamine abuse have increasingly been reported. However, chronic cardiotoxicity of methamphetamine is not experimentally well documented. In this study, methamphetamine (1 mg/kg/day) was subcutaneously injected into 5-week-old male Wistar Kyoto rats (n = 30). Age- and sex-matched Wistar Kyoto rats served as controls (n = 30). After 14 and 56 days, hearts were examined by light and electron microscopy. Foci of myocytic degeneration and necrosis appeared in the sub-endocardial areas on day 14 of methamphetamine exposure. Myocytic degeneration and necrosis became more extensive on day 56. At this stage, myocytolysis, contraction bands, atrophied myocytes, and spotty fibrosis were patchily distributed throughout the myocardium in most of rats treated with methamphetamine. The accompanying ultrastructural features included marked degeneration of cardiac mitochondria with fractured and disrupted cristae, hypercontraction of myofibrils, and loss of myofilament. In contrast, cardiac myocyte lesions were not observed in control rats. These myocardial lesions in rats treated with methamphetamine for 56 days resemble the cardiomyopathy associated with methamphetamine abuse in humans.
与甲基苯丙胺滥用相关的心血管并发症报告日益增多。然而，甲基苯丙胺的慢性心脏毒性在实验上并未得到充分记录。在本研究中，将甲基苯丙胺（1毫克/千克/天）皮下注射到5周龄雄性Wistar Kyoto大鼠（n = 30）体内。年龄和性别匹配的Wistar Kyoto大鼠作为对照（n = 30）。在14天和56天后，通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜检查心脏。在甲基苯丙胺暴露第14天时，心内膜下区域出现心肌细胞变性和坏死灶。在第56天时，心肌细胞变性和坏死更加广泛。在此阶段，在大多数接受甲基苯丙胺治疗的大鼠中，心肌溶解、收缩带、萎缩的心肌细胞和散在的纤维化在整个心肌中呈斑片状分布。伴随的超微结构特征包括心脏线粒体明显变性，嵴断裂和破坏，肌原纤维过度收缩以及肌丝丢失。相比之下，对照大鼠未观察到心肌细胞病变。用甲基苯丙胺治疗56天的大鼠中的这些心肌病变类似于人类与甲基苯丙胺滥用相关的心肌病。
