Donawho C, Wolf P
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Immunology, Houston 77030, USA.
Curr Opin Oncol. 1996 Mar;8(2):159-66. doi: 10.1097/00001622-199603000-00014.
This paper reviews the current epidemiologic and experimental evidence regarding the effect of sunburns on cutaneous malignant melanoma and the possible effectiveness of sunscreens in preventing those effects. Although there is growing agreement that sunlight exposure, particularly the ultraviolet wavelengths in solar radiation, contributes to the etiology of cutaneous malignant melanoma, there are at present insufficient data on the effective ultraviolet waveband and whether the use of sunscreens may be useful in preventing melanoma. The main obstacle in answering this question is that the exact role of sunlight in the pathogenesis of melanoma still remains undefined. However, new experimental animal models are now available that will assist in determining and defining the mechanism of initiation and promotion of melanoma by sunlight and, particularly, ultraviolet radiation in sunlight. While we await more definitive data, it is reasonable to recommend an overall "safe sun strategy" in which the use of sunscreens certainly must be accompanied by other protective measures of overall reduction of sunlight exposure.
本文综述了有关晒伤对皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的影响以及防晒霜在预防这些影响方面可能有效性的当前流行病学和实验证据。尽管越来越多的人认为阳光照射，尤其是太阳辐射中的紫外线波长，与皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的病因有关，但目前关于有效紫外线波段以及使用防晒霜是否有助于预防黑色素瘤的数据不足。回答这个问题的主要障碍在于阳光在黑色素瘤发病机制中的确切作用仍不明确。然而，现在有了新的实验动物模型，这将有助于确定和明确阳光，特别是阳光中的紫外线辐射引发和促进黑色素瘤的机制。在我们等待更确凿的数据时，推荐一种全面的“安全防晒策略”是合理的，在这种策略中，使用防晒霜当然必须辅以其他整体减少阳光照射的保护措施。
