Perrier P, Ostry D J, Laboissière R
Institut de la Communication Parlée, Grenoble, France.
J Speech Hear Res. 1996 Apr;39(2):365-78. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3902.365.
In this paper, we address a number of issues in speech research in the context of the equilibrium point hypothesis of motor control. The hypothesis suggests that movements arise from shifts in the equilibrium position of the limb or the speech articulator. The equilibrium is a consequence of the interaction of central neural commands, reflex mechanisms, muscle properties, and external loads, but it is under the control of central neural commands. These commands act to shift the equilibrium via centrally specified signals acting at the level of the motoneurone (MN) pool. In the context of a model of sagittal plane jaw and hyoid motion based on the lambda version of the equilibrium point hypothesis, we consider the implications of this hypothesis for the notion of articulatory targets. We suggest that simple linear control signals may underlie smooth articulatory trajectories. We explore as well the phenomenon of intraarticulator coarticulation in jaw movement. We suggest that even when no account is taken of upcoming context, that apparent anticipatory changes in movement amplitude and duration may arise due to dynamics. We also present a number of simulations that show in different ways how variability in measured kinematics can arise in spite of constant magnitude speech control signals.
在本文中，我们在运动控制的平衡点假设背景下探讨了语音研究中的一些问题。该假设表明，运动源于肢体或语音发音器官平衡点的变化。这种平衡是中枢神经指令、反射机制、肌肉特性和外部负荷相互作用的结果，但它受中枢神经指令的控制。这些指令通过作用于运动神经元（MN）池水平的中枢指定信号来改变平衡。在基于平衡点假设的拉姆达版本的矢状面下颌和舌骨运动模型的背景下，我们考虑了这一假设对发音目标概念的影响。我们认为简单的线性控制信号可能是平滑发音轨迹的基础。我们还探讨了下颌运动中的关节内协同发音现象。我们认为，即使不考虑即将到来的语境，由于动力学原因，运动幅度和持续时间的明显预期变化也可能出现。我们还展示了一些模拟，这些模拟以不同方式表明，尽管语音控制信号的幅度恒定，但测量到的运动学变化是如何产生的。
