Bottius E, Guanzirolli A, Trape J F, Rogier C, Konate L, Druilhe P
Parasitologie Bio-Médicale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Jan-Feb;90(1):15-9. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90463-0.
In high endemicity areas, malaria is a chronic disease: examination of blood films reveals that up to half of the population, particularly children, harbour parasites at any one given time. The parasitological status of the remainder was addressed using the polymerase chain reaction, a technique 100 to 1000 times more sensitive than microscopy, on a series of samples from Dielmo, a holoendemic area of Senegal. Two-thirds of the microscopically negative individuals were found to harbour subpatent levels of Plasmodium falciparum, suggesting that more than 90% of the exposed population at any one time, i.e. in a cross-sectional survey, are chronically infected. This also means that the range of parasite loads harboured by humans with various degrees of exposure is remarkably large, probably reflecting a large range of effectiveness of the defence mechanisms against malaria parasites, none of which is fully efficient.
在高流行地区，疟疾是一种慢性病：血液涂片检查显示，在任何给定时间，高达一半的人口，尤其是儿童，携带寄生虫。利用聚合酶链反应（一种比显微镜检查敏感100至1000倍的技术），对来自塞内加尔高度流行地区迪耶尔莫的一系列样本进行检测，以了解其余人群的寄生虫学状况。在显微镜检查呈阴性的个体中，三分之二被发现携带亚临床水平的恶性疟原虫，这表明在任何一个时间点，即在横断面调查中，超过90%的暴露人群受到慢性感染。这也意味着，不同暴露程度的人群所携带的寄生虫负荷范围非常大，这可能反映出针对疟原虫的防御机制的有效性范围很大，但没有一种防御机制是完全有效的。
