Almeida P A, Bolton V N
Assisted Conception Unit, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
Zygote. 1995 Nov;3(4):357-65. doi: 10.1017/s0967199400002793.
The effect of temperature fluctuation on spindle integrity and chromosomal organisation in the human oocyte, and the consequences of such effects on the chromosomal constitution of resulting parthenotes, were investigated. A total of 340 oocytes were stained immunocytochemically with an antibody to alpha-tubulin, and 502 were activated parthenogenetically. Exposure of oocytes to room temperature for 2, 10 or 30 min caused disruption of the spindle in 77% (n = 26), 72% (n = 18) and 89% (n = 19) of cases respectively, with evidence of chromosomal dispersal in 50%, 56% and 52.6% respectively. These effects were reversed when oocytes were returned to 37 degrees C after exposure to room temperature for 2 min, but not after 10 min or 30 min. Temperature reduction affected rates of parthenogenetic activation of oocytes (2 min: 67%, n = 27; 10 min: 68%, n = 28; 30 min: 54%, n = 35) and cleavage of resulting parthenotes, but only if oocytes were exposed to room temperature for 30 min (30 min: 53%, n = 19). There is a direct association between temperature-induced spindle damage in the oocyte (70%, 50 of 63) and chromosomal abnormalities in parthenotes developed from oocytes exposed to room temperature (56%, 23 of 41; p < 0.01).
研究了温度波动对人类卵母细胞纺锤体完整性和染色体组织的影响，以及这种影响对孤雌生殖胚胎染色体组成的后果。总共340个卵母细胞用抗α-微管蛋白抗体进行免疫细胞化学染色，502个卵母细胞进行孤雌激活。将卵母细胞暴露于室温2、10或30分钟，分别导致77%（n = 26）、72%（n = 18）和89%（n = 19）的病例中纺锤体破坏，分别有50%、56%和52.6%的病例出现染色体分散的证据。当卵母细胞在暴露于室温2分钟后回到37℃时，这些影响会逆转，但在暴露10分钟或30分钟后则不会。温度降低影响卵母细胞的孤雌激活率（2分钟：67%，n = 27；10分钟：68%，n = 28；30分钟：54%，n = 35）和所得孤雌生殖胚胎的卵裂，但只有当卵母细胞暴露于室温30分钟时才会出现这种情况（30分钟：53%，n = 19）。卵母细胞中温度诱导的纺锤体损伤（70%，63个中有50个）与暴露于室温的卵母细胞发育而来的孤雌生殖胚胎中的染色体异常（56%，41个中有23个；p < 0.01）之间存在直接关联。
