Inklaar H, Bol E, Schmikli S L, Mosterd W L
Medical Department of the Royal Dutch Soccer Association (KNVB), Zeist, The Netherlands.
Int J Sports Med. 1996 Apr;17(3):229-34. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-972837.
Selection may be responsible for different characteristics of subgroups (teams) of soccer players resulting in different risks of injury and different injury patterns. In the present study injury rates of teams were analysed with respect to the factors age and level of play. In two Dutch non-professional soccer clubs 477 male players, active in teams of different age groups and at different levels of play, were prospectively followed during the second half of the 1986/1987 competitive season. Teams in the 17/18 years age group showed the highest incidence of injury per 1000 players hours in games. At a high level of play teams have a significantly (p < 0.01) higher risk of injury than teams at a low level of play. This difference is noticed within every age group with exception of the 15/16 years age group. At a high level of play teams of senior players have significantly (p < 0.005) more prevalent injuries than teams of junior players. Senior players, active at a high level of play, have significantly (p < 0.05) more overuse injuries than senior players of a low level of play. At a high level of play significantly (p < 0.05) more upper leg injuries are reported. In the total population of soccer players relatively more sprains are located in the ankle joint and relatively more strains are located on the upper leg. It is concluded that prevention of soccer injuries primarily should be aimed at teams and their environment and not at the individual soccer player.
选材可能导致足球运动员亚组(团队)具有不同特征,从而产生不同的受伤风险和不同的损伤模式。在本研究中,针对年龄和比赛水平因素分析了各团队的受伤率。在荷兰的两家非职业足球俱乐部中,对477名男性球员进行了前瞻性跟踪研究,这些球员活跃于不同年龄组和不同比赛水平的球队,研究时段为1986/1987赛季后半段。17/18岁年龄组的球队在比赛中每1000球员小时的受伤发生率最高。在高水平比赛中,球队的受伤风险显著高于低水平比赛的球队(p<0.01)。除了15/16岁年龄组外,每个年龄组都存在这种差异。在高水平比赛中,成年球员的球队比青少年球员的球队有更普遍的损伤(p<0.005)。在高水平比赛中活跃的成年球员比低水平比赛的成年球员有更多的过度使用损伤(p<0.05)。在高水平比赛中,报告的大腿上部损伤显著更多(p<0.05)。在所有足球运动员中,踝关节扭伤相对较多,大腿上部拉伤相对较多。得出的结论是,足球损伤的预防主要应针对球队及其环境,而不是单个足球运动员。