Sarder M, Abe K, Saito H, Nishiyama N
Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Brain Res. 1996 Apr 9;715(1-2):9-16. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(95)01291-5.
It has become increasingly clear that immune cytokines have an effect on growth and differentiation in the nervous system as well as in the immune system. We have previously reported that interleukin-2 (IL-2) promotes survival of primary cultured neurons from fetal rat brain. In the present study, we investigated the effects of IL-2 as well as IL-6, one of the neurotrophic cytokines, on neuronal morphology and regeneration after damage in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. For neuronal morphology, IL-2 significantly promoted the elongation and branching of neurites, but IL-6 enhanced only the elongation. The neurite-elongating effect of IL-2 was different from that of IL-6 in terms of both effective concentration and maximal effect. In laser beam-damaged neurons, IL-2 significantly increased both the number and the length of branches emerging from the proximal part of damaged neurite. IL-2 also increased the length and the number of non-damaged neurites. IL-6, however, did not affect any of these parameters in damaged neurons. These results suggest that IL-2 and IL-6 modulate neuronal morphology through distinct mechanisms.
越来越清楚的是，免疫细胞因子不仅对免疫系统，而且对神经系统的生长和分化都有影响。我们之前报道过白细胞介素-2（IL-2）能促进原代培养的胎鼠脑神经元的存活。在本研究中，我们研究了IL-2以及神经营养细胞因子之一的IL-6对原代培养的海马神经元损伤后神经元形态和再生的影响。对于神经元形态，IL-2显著促进神经突的伸长和分支，但IL-6仅增强伸长。IL-2的神经突伸长作用在有效浓度和最大效应方面都与IL-6不同。在激光束损伤的神经元中，IL-2显著增加了从受损神经突近端长出的分支的数量和长度。IL-2还增加了未受损神经突的长度和数量。然而，IL-6对受损神经元的这些参数均无影响。这些结果表明，IL-2和IL-6通过不同的机制调节神经元形态。
