Orleans C T
Fox Chase Cancer Center, Division of Behavioral Research, Cheltenham, Pennsylvania, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Nov;103 Suppl 8(Suppl 8):149-52. doi: 10.1289/ehp.95103s8149.
Nicotine addiction is the most common serious medical problem in the country. Tobacco use is responsible for 30% of cancer deaths in the United States and 90% of all lung cancer deaths. The physical addiction to nicotine explains why over 30% of Americans continue to smoke or use tobacco despite their desires and efforts to quit. The testimony summarized in this paper recommends four broad strategies for preventing tobacco-caused cancers in the United States: a) mandating and reimbursing effective treatments for nicotine addiction; b) increasing Federal and state tobacco excise taxes and earmarking a fraction of tax revenues for tobacco prevention and cessation; c) enacting other policy changes to prevent tobacco use and addiction among children, including expanded clean indoor air legislation, comprehensive youth tobacco access legislation, and the regulation of tobacco products and their advertising and promotion; and d) expanding tobacco control research and critical Federal research support. Specific recommendations are given for each broad strategy.
尼古丁成瘾是该国最常见的严重医学问题。在美国，30%的癌症死亡由烟草使用导致，而所有肺癌死亡病例中有90%与此有关。对尼古丁的身体成瘾解释了为什么超过30%的美国人尽管有戒烟的愿望和努力，但仍继续吸烟或使用烟草。本文总结的证词建议了在美国预防烟草导致癌症的四大广泛策略：a）强制实施并报销有效的尼古丁成瘾治疗；b）提高联邦和州的烟草消费税，并将一部分税收专门用于烟草预防和戒烟；c）实施其他政策变革以防止儿童使用烟草和成瘾，包括扩大室内空气清洁立法、全面的青少年烟草获取立法，以及对烟草产品及其广告和促销进行监管；d）扩大烟草控制研究以及关键的联邦研究支持。针对每个广泛策略都给出了具体建议。
