Duhard E, Calvet C, Mariotte N, Tichet J, Vaillant L
Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Trousseau, Tours.
Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1995;122(9):586-90.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of longitudinal melanonychia (ML) in white subjects in order to obtain epidemiological data suggesting management strategies.
We included 99 hospitalized patients in this study, all were examined by a dermatologist. Another 4,400 healthy subjects were examined by a general practitioner. Criteria retained were age, sex, the presence or not of ML, the localization, number of bands, intensity of the coloration and size.
The prevalence of ML was 12.6 +/- 3.4 p. 100 (CI 5.9-19.3) and 1.4 +/- 0.18 p. 100 (CI 1.3-1.75) respectively in the 99 and 4,400 subjects. The percentage of subjects increased progressively with age, particularly after 45 years and reached a peak between 56 and 65 years. The age distribution was identical. The most frequent localization was the thumb, followed by the great toe and the index. None of the ML observed had a clinical presentation suggestive of melanoma and no biopsies were taken.
The frequency of melanonychia is thus higher in this series than that reported by previous studies where less than 1 p. 100 of the subjects had melanonychia. It was highest between the ages of 45 and 65 years. These results should be used when counselling patients and proposing systematic exeresis of ML above the age of 45 years.
本研究旨在确定白种人群中纵向黑甲（ML）的患病率，以获取有助于制定管理策略的流行病学数据。
本研究纳入了99名住院患者，均由皮肤科医生进行检查。另外4400名健康受试者由全科医生进行检查。纳入标准包括年龄、性别、是否存在ML、部位、条带数量、色素沉着强度和大小。
在99名和4400名受试者中，ML的患病率分别为12.6±3.4/100（95%置信区间5.9 - 19.3）和1.4±0.18/100（95%置信区间1.3 - 1.75）。受试者比例随年龄逐渐增加，尤其是45岁以后，在56至65岁之间达到峰值。年龄分布相同。最常见的部位是拇指，其次是拇趾和示指。所有观察到的ML均无提示黑色素瘤的临床表现，且未进行活检。
因此，本系列中黑甲的发生率高于先前研究报道，先前研究中不到1/100的受试者有黑甲。在45至65岁之间发生率最高。在为患者提供咨询并建议对45岁以上的ML进行系统性切除时，应参考这些结果。
