Spurgeon A, Gompertz D, Harrington J M
Institute of Occupational Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
Occup Environ Med. 1996 Jun;53(6):361-6. doi: 10.1136/oem.53.6.361.
Many occupational and environmental health hazards present as an increased reporting of non-specific symptoms such as headache, backache, eye and respiratory irritation, tiredness, memory problems, and poor concentration. The pattern and number of such symptoms is surprisingly constant from hazard to hazard suggesting that common psychological and social factors, not directly related to the exposure may be involved. A recent workshop (see acknowledgements) was held to review the pattern of symptoms in varying hazardous situations and the psychological mechanisms behind the genesis and maintenance of symptoms. The involvement of both direct physicochemical and psychological mechanisms in symptom generation and reporting in any situation was discussed and is reported here. A model that identifies the issues that need to be considered in any epidemiological study based on the incidence or prevalence of non-specific symptoms is proposed.
许多职业和环境健康危害表现为非特异性症状（如头痛、背痛、眼睛和呼吸道刺激、疲劳、记忆问题和注意力不集中）的报告增多。这些症状的模式和数量在不同危害之间惊人地一致，这表明可能涉及与接触无直接关系的常见心理和社会因素。最近举办了一次研讨会（见致谢），以审查不同危险情况下的症状模式以及症状产生和持续存在背后的心理机制。本文讨论并报告了在任何情况下，直接物理化学机制和心理机制在症状产生和报告中的作用。提出了一个模型，该模型确定了在基于非特异性症状的发病率或患病率进行的任何流行病学研究中需要考虑的问题。
