Ponsonby A L, Couper D, Dwyer T
Menzies Centre for Population Health Research, Hobart, Tasmania.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1996 Feb;50(1):40-6. doi: 10.1136/jech.50.1.40.
To document changes in smoking style around infants over time and to identify factors associated with the smoking hygiene of mothers and others.
A population based cohort study.
Population based, involving 22% of live births in Tasmania, Australia.
From 1 May 1988 to 30 April, 1993, 6109 infants and their mothers (89% of eligible infants) participated in the hospital and home interview of the cohort study. Infants eligible for cohort entry were those assessed at birth to be at a higher risk of SIDS.
The overall proportion of mothers who smoked during pregnancy and postnatally did not decline. Increasing trends were found for mothers and others not smoking in the same room as baby or while holding or feeding the baby, significant over the five year period. Good smoking hygiene (mother not smoking in the same room as baby) was positively associated with--first birth (OR = 1.74 (1.30, 2.33)), low birth weight (1.69 (1.27, 2.23)), being born after 1 May 1991 (1.67 (1.33, 2.11)), and private health insurance status (1.39 (1.02, 1.90)). Good smoking hygiene was negatively associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy (0.50 (0.31, 0.80)), intention to bottle feed (0.62 (0.49, 0.78)), the level of maternal postnatal smoking, increasing numbers of smokers in the household, and parents cohabiting but unmarried. A similar analysis was conducted for other household residents who smoked.
Changes in maternal smoking prevalence have been small. The exposure of infants to tobacco smoke postnatally has decreased significantly, although a large proportion of infants are still exposed to tobacco smoke. The identification of the above parental and infant factors associated with good smoking hygiene should be useful for health education planning.
记录随时间推移围绕婴儿的吸烟方式变化，并确定与母亲及其他人吸烟卫生相关的因素。
一项基于人群的队列研究。
基于人群，涵盖澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚州22%的活产婴儿。
从1988年5月1日至1993年4月30日，6109名婴儿及其母亲（占符合条件婴儿的89%）参与了队列研究的医院及家庭访谈。符合队列纳入条件的婴儿是那些出生时被评估为患婴儿猝死综合征风险较高的婴儿。
孕期及产后吸烟的母亲总体比例未下降。母亲及其他人不在与婴儿同一房间吸烟、不抱着或喂养婴儿时吸烟的比例呈上升趋势，在五年期间显著增加。良好的吸烟卫生习惯（母亲不在与婴儿同一房间吸烟）与以下因素呈正相关：初产（比值比[OR]=1.74[1.30,2.33]）、低出生体重（1.69[1.27,2.23]）、1991年5月1日后出生（OR=1.67[1.33,2.11]）以及拥有私人医疗保险（1.39[1.02,1.90]）。良好的吸烟卫生习惯与孕期母亲吸烟（0.50[0.31,0.80]）、奶瓶喂养意愿（0.62[0.49,0.78]）、母亲产后吸烟水平、家庭中吸烟人数增加以及父母同居但未婚呈负相关。对其他吸烟的家庭居民进行了类似分析。
母亲吸烟率变化不大。尽管仍有很大比例的婴儿暴露于烟草烟雾中，但产后婴儿接触烟草烟雾的情况已显著减少。确定上述与良好吸烟卫生习惯相关的父母及婴儿因素应有助于健康教育规划。
