de Arruda M E, Aragaki C, Gagliardi F, Haile R W
Department of Immunology, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhaes, Recife, Brazil.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1996 Apr;90(2):135-43. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1996.11813037.
Data on the seroprevalences of Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and P. malariae in four isolated Indian tribes of the Amazon basin in Brazil, as determined by IFAT, were re-analysed. Age-, sex- and tribe-specific geometric mean antibody titres and externally standardized prevalence ratios were calculated for each parasite species. Correlation coefficients and prevalence odds ratios were also calculated for multiple infections with different combinations of the three Plasmodium species. Titres of all but one of the antibodies studied were similar in males and females; titres of antibodies to the blood stages of P. malariae were slightly higher in females than in males. Titres of antibodies to all three Plasmodium species increased with subject age, and this age effect was not confounded by sex or tribal differences. There were striking differences between tribes, with the Parakana tribe having relatively low titres of antibodies against P. falciparum and P. malariae; these tribal effects were not confounded by sex or age differences between tribes. The results indicate that conditions conductive to the transmission of P. malariae exist in this region of the Amazon. The potential for zoonotic transmission of P. brasilianum, a parasite of monkeys which is morphologically similar to P. malarie, and the generally high rates of seropositivity to all three species of Plasmodium indicate that control measures which are adequate and applicable to the region studied need to be developed.
对通过间接荧光抗体试验（IFAT）测定的巴西亚马逊盆地四个与世隔绝的印第安部落中恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫和三日疟原虫的血清流行率数据进行了重新分析。计算了每种寄生虫的年龄、性别和部落特异性几何平均抗体滴度以及外部标准化流行率比值。还计算了三种疟原虫不同组合的多重感染的相关系数和流行优势比。除一种研究抗体外，所有抗体的滴度在男性和女性中相似；三日疟原虫血液阶段抗体的滴度在女性中略高于男性。所有三种疟原虫抗体的滴度均随受试者年龄增加，且这种年龄效应不受性别或部落差异的干扰。部落之间存在显著差异，帕拉卡纳部落针对恶性疟原虫和三日疟原虫的抗体滴度相对较低；这些部落效应不受部落间性别或年龄差异的干扰。结果表明，亚马逊地区存在有利于三日疟原虫传播的条件。与三日疟原虫形态相似的猴寄生虫巴西疟原虫的人畜共患传播潜力以及对所有三种疟原虫的总体高血清阳性率表明，需要制定适用于所研究地区的充分控制措施。
