Muraki R, Iwasaki T, Sata T, Sato Y, Kurata T
Department of Dermatology, Kasumigaura National Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan.
Virchows Arch. 1996 Jul;428(4-5):275-80. doi: 10.1007/BF00196701.
Herpes zoster is caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) persisting in dorsal root or trigeminal ganglia. To clarify the pathway of viral spread from the ganglia to skin, 16 biopsy specimens of early skin lesions of herpes zoster obtained from the face and trunk of 13 patients were studied histologically and immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies to the structural proteins of VZV. VZV-infected cells were detected in the hair follicles in 10 of the 16 specimens and in the epidermis in 2 specimens. Infected cells were localized in the isthmus of every involved follicle (12/12), frequently in the stem (8/10) and infundibulum (6/10), and never in the bulb. The high frequency of follicular involvement in herpes zoster suggests that VZV spreads to the area of skin innervated by myelinated nerves, which end around the isthmus of hair follicles and sebaceous glands.
带状疱疹是由潜伏在背根神经节或三叉神经节中的水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）重新激活引起的。为了阐明病毒从神经节扩散到皮肤的途径，我们对13例患者面部和躯干的16份带状疱疹早期皮肤病变活检标本进行了组织学和免疫组织化学研究，使用针对VZV结构蛋白的单克隆抗体。在16份标本中的10份标本的毛囊以及2份标本的表皮中检测到了VZV感染细胞。受感染细胞位于每个受累毛囊的峡部（12/12），经常位于毛干（8/10）和漏斗部（6/10），而从未见于毛球。带状疱疹中毛囊受累的高频率表明VZV扩散到由有髓神经支配的皮肤区域，这些神经末梢围绕毛囊峡部和皮脂腺。
