Salo R, Robertson L C, Nordahl T E
Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis 95616, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 1996 May 17;62(2):121-30. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(96)02804-1.
Sustained attentional deficits have been widely reported in groups of medicated schizophrenic patients, but less is known about sequential attentional processes in patients withdrawn from medication. The attentional performance of 12 medication-withdrawn schizophrenic outpatients was compared with that of 16 matched normal volunteers on a Stroop negative priming task. This task allowed examination of both within-trial and between-trial attentional effects. Compared with the volunteers, the medication-withdrawn schizophrenic patients showed normal within-trial attentional effects as measured by standard Stroop interference and facilitation. Across trials, however, the schizophrenics exhibited reduced negative priming compared with the volunteers and in some cases a complete reversal of sustained inhibitory processes. The findings suggest that a normal inhibitory tag occurred during initial selection in the patient group, but it did not influence a subsequent act of selection as was the case for the normal volunteers. Either inhibition decayed at an abnormally fast rate in the patient group or a separate facilatory tag dominated. In either case, priming effects linked to attentional selection were clearly abnormal in the medication-withdrawn patient group.
在接受药物治疗的精神分裂症患者群体中，持续性注意力缺陷已被广泛报道，但对于停药患者的相继注意力过程却知之甚少。在一项Stroop负启动任务中，对12名停药的精神分裂症门诊患者与16名匹配的正常志愿者的注意力表现进行了比较。该任务能够考察试验内和试验间的注意力效应。与志愿者相比，停药的精神分裂症患者在标准Stroop干扰和促进作用所衡量的试验内注意力效应方面表现正常。然而，在不同试验中，与志愿者相比，精神分裂症患者的负启动效应降低，在某些情况下，持续性抑制过程完全逆转。研究结果表明，在患者组的初始选择过程中出现了正常的抑制标记，但它并未像正常志愿者那样影响后续的选择行为。要么是患者组中的抑制以异常快的速度衰减，要么是一个单独的促进标记起主导作用。无论哪种情况，在停药患者组中，与注意力选择相关的启动效应明显异常。
