Krueger R F, Caspi A, Moffitt T E, Silva P A, McGee R
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706-1611, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1996 Aug;105(3):299-312. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.105.3.299.
The authors assessed the relation between personality and mental disorder in a representative birth cohort of 897 men and women. Personality was assessed at age 18 with the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; A. Tellegen, 1982), and 4 types of mental disorder (affective, anxiety, substance dependence, and conduct disorder) were assessed at ages 15, 18 and 21, using age-appropriate standardized diagnostic interviews. All disorder groups had MPQ profiles that were very different from those of controls. When comorbid cases were excluded, fewer significant differences between diagnosed cases and controls remained. Relations between personality and mental disorder were not affected by the measurement of disorder as continuous versus discrete, gender, or the age at which disorder was diagnosed. Relations between personality and mental disorders appear to be robust, and individual personality differences may be particularly relevant to understanding the most severe (comorbid) expressions of psychopathology.
作者在一个由897名男性和女性组成的具有代表性的出生队列中评估了人格与精神障碍之间的关系。在18岁时使用多维人格问卷（MPQ；A. 泰勒根，1982年）对人格进行评估，并在15岁、18岁和21岁时使用适合相应年龄的标准化诊断访谈对4种精神障碍（情感障碍、焦虑障碍、物质依赖和品行障碍）进行评估。所有障碍组的MPQ剖面图都与对照组有很大不同。当排除共病病例时，确诊病例与对照组之间的显著差异就更少了。人格与精神障碍之间的关系不受障碍测量方式（连续测量与离散测量）、性别或诊断障碍的年龄的影响。人格与精神障碍之间的关系似乎很稳固，个体人格差异可能与理解精神病理学最严重（共病）的表现形式特别相关。
