Häkkinen K, Pakarinen A
Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
Int J Sports Med. 1995 Nov;16(8):507-13. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-973045.
To examine acute endogenous hormonal responses to heavy resistance exercise eight young women (YW) and eight young men (YM) in the 30-year age group, seven middle-aged women (MW) and eight middle-aged men (MM) in the 50-year age group as well as eight elderly women (EW) and eight elderly men (EM) in the 70-year age group performed a heavy resistance exercise session with three different exercises (bench press, sit-up exercise and bilateral leg press). The relative loading intensity and volume of the exercise session were kept the same for each subject so that they performed each of the 5 sets of each exercise with the maximal load possible for 10 repetitions per set (10 repetition maximum). The recovery time between the sets was 3 minutes. The loading led to acute significant decreases in maximal isometric leg extension force by 19 +/- 7% (p < 0.001), 31 +/- 15% (p < 0.01) and by 14 +/- 12% (p < 0.01) in YW, MW and EW, respectively, and by 24 +/- 16% (p < 0.01), 34 +/- 9% (p < 0.001) and by 20 +/- 12% (p < 0.001) for YM, MM and EM, respectively. The mean concentrations of serum testosterone and cortisol remained statistically unchanged for all female groups. Significant increases took place in testosterone concentrations in YM (p < 0.05) and in MM (p < 0.01) and in cortisol in MM (p < 0.01), while EM demonstrated no change at all. Serum growth hormone (GH) increased in women both in YW from 3.6 +/- 3.4 to 11.7 +/- 8.2 micrograms x l-1 (p < 0.01) and in MW from 0.3 +/- 0.1 to 6.5 +/- 5.6 micrograms x l-1 (p < 0.05), while EW demonstrated no change. In men GH concentrations increased in YM from 0.1 +/- 0.1 to 21.2 +/- 18.1 micrograms x l-1 (p < 0.05) and in MM from 0.3 +/- 0.2 to 6.0 +/- 5.4 micrograms x l-1 (p < 0.05), while EM demonstrated no change. The primary results indicate that the response of GH concentrations to the same relative heavy resistance work load is greatly lowered with increasing age both in men and women, while acute responses in testosterone levels are minor.
为研究急性内源性激素对大强度抗阻运动的反应，30岁年龄组的8名年轻女性（YW）和8名年轻男性（YM）、50岁年龄组的7名中年女性（MW）和8名中年男性（MM）以及70岁年龄组的8名老年女性（EW）和8名老年男性（EM）进行了一次包含三种不同运动（卧推、仰卧起坐和双侧腿举）的大强度抗阻运动训练。每个受试者的训练相对负荷强度和运动量保持相同，即他们以每组10次重复的最大负荷完成每种运动的5组训练（10次最大重复量）。组间恢复时间为3分钟。该负荷导致YW、MW和EW的最大等长伸腿力量分别急性显著下降19±7%（p<0.001）、31±15%（p<0.01）和14±12%（p<0.01），YM、MM和EM分别下降24±16%（p<0.01）、34±9%（p<0.001）和20±12%（p<0.001）。所有女性组血清睾酮和皮质醇的平均浓度在统计学上无变化。YM（p<0.05）和MM（p<0.01）的睾酮浓度显著升高，MM（p<0.01）的皮质醇浓度显著升高，而EM则无变化。YW组女性血清生长激素（GH）从3.6±3.4微克×升⁻¹增至11.7±8.2微克×升⁻¹（p<0.01），MW组女性从0.3±0.1微克×升⁻¹增至6.5±5.6微克×升⁻¹（p<0.05），而EW组无变化。男性中，YM组GH浓度从0.1±0.1微克×升⁻¹增至21.2±18.1微克×升⁻¹（p<0.05），MM组从0.3±0.2微克×升⁻¹增至6.0±5.4微克×升⁻¹（p<0.05），而EM组无变化。主要结果表明，随着年龄增长，无论男性还是女性，GH浓度对相同相对大强度抗阻工作负荷的反应均大幅降低，而睾酮水平的急性反应较小。
