Drinnan M J, Murray A, White J E, Smithson A J, Griffiths C J, Gibson G J
Regional Medical Physics Department, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K.
Sleep. 1996 May;19(4):296-303. doi: 10.1093/sleep/19.4.296.
Daytime sleepiness and impaired cognitive function can be a consequence of recurrent transient arousal from sleep, associated with abrupt changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG). EEG is normally assessed by trained observers from paper records, but automation offers the advantages of speed and objectivity. We assessed 10 automated indices of EEG activity as potential indicators of arousal. Arousals from light, slow wave and rapid eye movement sleep were studied in 30 subjects. Segments of EEG recorded immediately before and after each arousal were analyzed by automated measurement of 10 EEG indices using a personal computer. We investigated the ability of each index to recognize arousal while rejecting change due to variability during sleep. Nine of the 10 indices showed significant changes with arousal (p < 0.001); the better indices were related to EEG frequency, and 3 were chosen for further study. In these indices, the mean changes with arousal were 3.8 Hz (ZeroCross), 1.7 Hz (Hjorth's Mobility) and 1.2 Hz (FrqMean, an index of central EEG frequency). With none of these three indices were significant differences in performance due to base sleep stage or subject group found. We conclude that detection of arousal is feasible using automated methods that measure simple indices related to the frequency of the EEG waveform.
日间嗜睡和认知功能受损可能是睡眠反复短暂觉醒的结果，这与脑电图（EEG）的突然变化有关。脑电图通常由训练有素的观察者根据纸质记录进行评估，但自动化具有速度快和客观性强的优点。我们评估了10个脑电图活动的自动化指标作为觉醒的潜在指标。对30名受试者的浅睡眠、慢波睡眠和快速眼动睡眠中的觉醒情况进行了研究。使用个人计算机通过自动测量10个脑电图指标，对每次觉醒前后立即记录的脑电图片段进行分析。我们研究了每个指标在排除睡眠期间变异性导致的变化的同时识别觉醒的能力。10个指标中有9个在觉醒时显示出显著变化（p < 0.001）；较好的指标与脑电图频率有关，选择了3个指标进行进一步研究。在这些指标中，觉醒时的平均变化分别为3.8赫兹（过零率）、1.7赫兹（约尔特移动性）和1.2赫兹（频率均值，中央脑电图频率指标）。在这三个指标中，未发现由于基础睡眠阶段或受试者组导致的性能显著差异。我们得出结论，使用测量与脑电图波形频率相关的简单指标的自动化方法来检测觉醒是可行的。
