Hill J C, Schoener E P
Addiction Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1996 Sep;153(9):1143-6. doi: 10.1176/ajp.153.9.1143.
This study was undertaken to assess whether the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is retained from childhood into adulthood.
A search of the literature yielded nine prospective studies in which cohorts of children with the disorder were formed and then reexamined 4-16 years later to determine the level of retained ADHD. The resulting data were subjected to nonlinear regression analysis to ascertain the relationship with chronological age.
The data followed an exponential decline over time to a high degree of accuracy.
The rate of ADHD in a given age group appears to decline by 50% approximately every 5 years. If a prevalence of ADHD in childhood of 4% is assumed and the exponential decline extrapolated, the estimated rate of adult ADHD ranges from about 0.8% at age 20 to 0.05% at age 40.
本研究旨在评估注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的诊断从儿童期到成年期是否持续存在。
对文献进行检索，得到9项前瞻性研究，其中对患有该障碍的儿童队列进行了组建，然后在4至16年后重新检查以确定ADHD持续存在的水平。对所得数据进行非线性回归分析，以确定与实际年龄的关系。
数据随时间呈指数下降，准确性很高。
特定年龄组的ADHD发病率似乎大约每5年下降50%。假设儿童期ADHD患病率为4%，并外推指数下降情况，估计成人ADHD发病率在20岁时约为0.8%，在40岁时为0.05%。
