Luo R X, Wu B, Yi Y N, Huang Z W, Lin R T
Fuzhou Senior Medical School, China.
Lung Cancer. 1996 Mar;14 Suppl 1:S113-9. doi: 10.1016/s0169-5002(96)90217-2.
A case-control study on risk factors for lung cancer was carried out in Fuzhou, China. One-hundred and two newly-diagnosed primary lung cancer cases in urban Fuzhou (78 male and 24 female cases) were matched with 306 population-based controls. The primary histological types were adenocarcinomas (57 cases, 55.9%) and squamous cell carcinomas (39 cases, 38.2%). Controls were obtained from the general population by random, stratified sampling and consisted of noncancer cases matched for sex, ethnicity and age. Cases and controls were interviewed by trained professionals using a standardized questionnaire. Information was obtained on: smoking habits, living conditions, history of respiratory diseases, air pollution, and 40 other variables. The data were evaluated by conditional logistic regression analysis. The major risk factors for lung adenocarcinoma were: indoor air pollution from burning coal, chronic bronchitis, and high economic income. The risk factors for lung squamous cell carcinoma were: amount of cigarettes smoked per day, "deep inhalation", a history of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) before 20 years of age, burning coal indoors, and high economic income. The results showed that the major risk factors for lung cancer in Fuzhou were: burning coal indoors, smoking, exposure to ETS before 20 years of age, chronic bronchitis, and high economic income. Cigarette smoking significantly increased the risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma, but had no significant association with the risk of lung adenocarcinoma. In summary, our research supports the hypothesis that smoking and indoor air pollution are the major risk factors for lung cancer in Fuzhou. Burning coal indoors and smoking were associated with lung cancer mortality in a major city in southern China.
在中国福州开展了一项关于肺癌危险因素的病例对照研究。福州城区102例新诊断的原发性肺癌病例（78例男性和24例女性）与306例基于人群的对照进行匹配。主要组织学类型为腺癌（57例，55.9%）和鳞状细胞癌（39例，38.2%）。对照通过随机分层抽样从普通人群中选取，由性别、种族和年龄匹配的非癌症病例组成。病例和对照由经过培训的专业人员使用标准化问卷进行访谈。获取了以下信息：吸烟习惯、生活条件、呼吸系统疾病史、空气污染以及其他40个变量。数据通过条件逻辑回归分析进行评估。肺腺癌的主要危险因素为：燃煤造成的室内空气污染、慢性支气管炎和高经济收入。肺鳞状细胞癌的危险因素为：每日吸烟量、“深吸气”、20岁之前有环境烟草烟雾（ETS）暴露史、室内燃煤和高经济收入。结果显示，福州肺癌的主要危险因素为：室内燃煤、吸烟、20岁之前暴露于ETS、慢性支气管炎和高经济收入。吸烟显著增加肺鳞状细胞癌的风险，但与肺腺癌风险无显著关联。总之，我们的研究支持以下假说：吸烟和室内空气污染是福州肺癌的主要危险因素。在中国南方一个大城市，室内燃煤和吸烟与肺癌死亡率相关。
