Hausen B M
Dermatology Center, General Hospital, Buxtehude, Germany.
Am J Contact Dermat. 1996 Jun;7(2):94-9.
A Compositae plant mixture consisting of short ether extracts of arnica, German chamomile, feverfew, tansy, and yarrow has been included in the standard series for several years (1985 to 1990) to study the frequency of allergic reactions to Compositae (Asteraceae) species. One hundred eighteen of 3,851 tested individuals gave a positive response (3.1%). Further tests with the single species of the mixture and some additionally tested extracts of chrysanthemums and laurel oil (bay leaf; Lauraceae) revealed a high percentage of reactions to feverfew (70.1%) and lower responses to chrysanthemums (63.6%), tansy (60.8%), chamomile (56.5%), arnica (51.8%), yarrow (51.8%), and the cross-reacting laurel oil (50.5%). Ten of 85 reacted to arnica alone. The results show that it is important to test Compositae extracts in patients with allergic contact dermatitis because these contain (in contrast to a mixture of pure sesquiterpene lactones) other constituents (e.g., polyacetylenes, thiophenes) that may also contribute to the acquired hypersensitivity. Unrevealed sources of hand and face eczema (including airborne contact dermatitis) might be diagnosed more frequently.
一种由山金车、德国洋甘菊、小白菊、艾菊和蓍草的短醚提取物组成的菊科植物混合物已被纳入标准系列数年（1985年至1990年），以研究对菊科（菊科）物种过敏反应的频率。在3851名受试个体中，有118人给出了阳性反应（3.1%）。对混合物中的单一物种以及一些额外测试的菊花提取物和月桂油（月桂叶；樟科）的进一步测试显示，对小白菊的反应比例很高（70.1%），对菊花（63.6%）、艾菊（60.8%）、洋甘菊（56.5%）、山金车（51.8%）、蓍草（51.8%）以及交叉反应的月桂油（50.5%）的反应比例较低。85人中有10人仅对山金车有反应。结果表明，对过敏性接触性皮炎患者进行菊科提取物检测很重要，因为这些提取物（与纯倍半萜内酯混合物不同）含有其他成分（如聚乙炔、噻吩），这些成分也可能导致后天性超敏反应。手部和面部湿疹（包括空气传播性接触性皮炎）未被发现的来源可能会更频繁地被诊断出来。
