Kelly D G, Fleming C R
Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1995 Sep;24(3):597-611.
Although many foods have been suggested to play a role in the cause of IBD, there are not yet definitive data to support diet as a cause of either CD or UC. Malnutrition is a common occurrence in IBD, and this must be considered in the treatment of these diseases. Nutritional support in IBD has limited use as primary therapy (Table 2). Even though parenteral and enteral nutrition have been associated with remission, relapse frequently occurs when normal food intake is resumed. Likewise, fistulae may resolve with aggressive, nutritional therapy, but they frequently recur with reinstitution of food. In short bowel syndrome caused by extensive intestinal resection performed in CD, parenteral nutrition provides an important mode of therapy. In addition, perioperative use of nutritional support may decrease the incidence of postoperative complications in patients who are malnourished. Nutritional support in pediatric patients with CD who have growth failure has been effective in stimulating growth.
尽管许多食物被认为与炎症性肠病的病因有关，但尚无确凿数据支持饮食是克罗恩病或溃疡性结肠炎的病因。营养不良在炎症性肠病中很常见，在这些疾病的治疗中必须予以考虑。炎症性肠病的营养支持作为主要治疗方法的作用有限（表2）。尽管肠外营养和肠内营养与病情缓解有关，但恢复正常食物摄入后经常会复发。同样，瘘管可能通过积极的营养治疗而愈合，但恢复进食后常常复发。在克罗恩病患者因广泛肠道切除导致的短肠综合征中，肠外营养是一种重要的治疗方式。此外，对营养不良的患者围手术期使用营养支持可能会降低术后并发症的发生率。对生长发育迟缓的儿童克罗恩病患者进行营养支持已有效地促进了生长。
