Fowler C A
Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, Connecticut 06511-6695, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1996 Mar;99(3):1730-41. doi: 10.1121/1.415237.
The paper first distinguishes the two perceptual theories, the motor theory and the theory of direct perception, that nearly agree in the claim that listeners to speech perceive vocal tract gestures. Next it justifies the claim of the direct realist theory that listeners perceive gestures and consider some experimental evidence in its favor. Finally it addresses evidence and arguments judged by Ohala to disconfirm the theory. The argument is made that most of the evidence put forward by Ohala is irrelevant to a distinction between theories that we perceive acoustic signals and theories that we perceive gestures. The arguments are inaccurate or highly selective in the data upon which they draw.
该论文首先区分了两种感知理论，即运动理论和直接感知理论，这两种理论几乎都认同言语的听众能够感知声道手势这一观点。接下来，它论证了直接实在论理论的观点，即听众能够感知手势，并考虑了一些支持该观点的实验证据。最后，它讨论了被奥哈拉判定为反驳该理论的证据和论点。有人认为，奥哈拉提出的大多数证据与我们感知声学信号的理论和我们感知手势的理论之间的区分无关。这些论点在其所依据的数据上不准确或具有高度选择性。
