Fernández Estívariz C, López del Val T, Martínez de Icaya Ortiz de Urbina P, Jaunsolo Barrenechea M A, De Cos Blanco A I, Cilleruelo Pascual M L, Vázquez Martínez C
Sección de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Madrid.
An Esp Pediatr. 1996 Mar;44(3):214-8.
The aim of this report, included in the CAENPE study, was to assess the actual intake of milk products by children from Madrid and their nutrient contribution to the diet. In a sample of 2,608 children, 1,343 boys and 1,265 girls, between 6 and 14 years of age, representative of the school child population from Madrid, a dietary assessment of 4 non-consecutive days was carried out by applying a combination of the methods of 24-hour recall (2 days) and an estimated food intake record (2 days). We found that the average total milk product intake was 410 +/- 173 g/person/day, with this being significantly higher in boys (p < 0.0001) and increasing with age (p < 0.001). Milk products are the primary source of calcium, 1,076 +/- 374 mg/person/day, which represents 61% of the total calcium intake and is below the RDA for children over 10 years of age. In addition, following meat and meat products, dairy products are the second largest source of saturated fat (28% of total intake). They also supply 31% of the dietary phosphorus, 17% of protein, 16% of total fat, 15% of the cholesterol, 10% of the carbohydrates and 14% of the the energy intake. We conclude that milk products are the major source of calcium in the diet of schoolchildren. Their low consumption explains the insufficient calcium intake in certain age groups, which might be associated to a higher risk of osteoporosis in later life. We encourage an increase in the intake of milk products, especially milk, and a reduction in the consumption of sweets and meat in order to decrease the dietary saturated fats.
这份包含在CAENPE研究中的报告旨在评估马德里儿童奶制品的实际摄入量及其对饮食的营养贡献。在一个由2608名6至14岁儿童组成的样本中，其中1343名男孩和1265名女孩，代表马德里在校儿童人口，通过结合24小时回忆法（2天）和估计食物摄入量记录法（2天）对连续4天的饮食进行了评估。我们发现奶制品的平均总摄入量为410±173克/人/天，男孩的摄入量显著更高（p<0.0001），且随年龄增长而增加（p<0.001）。奶制品是钙的主要来源，为1076±374毫克/人/天，占总钙摄入量的61%，低于10岁以上儿童的推荐膳食摄入量。此外，继肉类和肉制品之后，奶制品是饱和脂肪的第二大来源（占总摄入量的28%）。它们还提供了膳食磷的31%、蛋白质的17%、总脂肪的16%、胆固醇的15%、碳水化合物的10%和能量摄入量的14%。我们得出结论，奶制品是学童饮食中钙的主要来源。其低消费量解释了某些年龄组钙摄入量不足的情况，这可能与晚年患骨质疏松症的较高风险有关。我们鼓励增加奶制品的摄入量，尤其是牛奶，并减少甜食和肉类的消费，以降低饮食中的饱和脂肪含量。
