Zerbin-Rüdin E, Kendler K S
Max Planck Institut für Psychiatrie, Munich, Germany.
Am J Med Genet. 1996 Jul 26;67(4):332-7. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19960726)67:4<332::AID-AJMG3>3.0.CO;2-O.
This historical review introduces a series of papers abstracting, reanalyzing and commenting upon family studies of schizophrenia conducted by Ernst Rüdin and his geneologic-demographic department in Munich. These studies, which pioneered many of the methods still critical to psychiatric genetics, are little known in the anglophonic world. Starting with a study of schizophrenia in siblings, members of the Rüdin school expanded to study a wide range of relationships (including grandchildren and nieces/nephews) and disorders (including affective illness, obsessive-compulsive disorder, epilepsy and personality disorders). They examined many methodologic issues in psychiatric genetics including i) ascertainment correction, ii) anticipation, iii) age correction, iv) assortative mating, v) reduced fertility, vi) spectrum disorders, and vii) familial transmission of age at onset. After the rise of Hitler in Germany, Rüdin and his institute became involved in the eugenic policies of the Nazis, raising important questions about possible political abuse of scientific findings in general and those from the field of psychiatric genetics in particular.
这篇历史回顾介绍了一系列论文，这些论文对恩斯特·吕丁及其在慕尼黑的基因学-人口统计学部门所开展的精神分裂症家族研究进行了摘要、重新分析和评论。这些研究开创了许多对精神科遗传学仍至关重要的方法，但在英语世界鲜为人知。从对兄弟姐妹中的精神分裂症研究开始，吕丁学派的成员扩展到研究广泛的亲属关系（包括孙辈和侄甥）及疾病（包括情感性疾病、强迫症、癫痫和人格障碍）。他们探讨了精神科遗传学中的许多方法学问题，包括：i）确诊校正；ii）遗传早现；iii）年龄校正；iv）选型交配；v）生育力降低；vi）谱系障碍；vii）发病年龄的家族传递。在希特勒在德国崛起后，吕丁及其研究所卷入了纳粹的优生政策，这引发了关于科学发现，尤其是精神科遗传学领域的发现可能被政治滥用的重要问题。
