食物与疾病。
Foods and diseases.
作者信息
Knox E G
出版信息
Br J Prev Soc Med. 1977 Jun;31(2):71-80. doi: 10.1136/jech.31.2.71.
An examination was made of the statistical correlations between the main foodstuff and nutrient intakes and the chief causes of mortality in 20 different countries, comprising 17 in Europe, and Canada, USA, and Japan. Subsidiary examinations were made of the effects of including and excluding Japan, and of the effects of various statistical standardisation procedures. Complex food patterns were identified and related both to geographical latitude and to levels of affluence; these, in turn, were related to complex patterns of mortality. Criteria for drawing special attention to specific associations were identified, based partly on statistical significance tests and also on strength-of-association yardsticks supplied by diseases with known causes. Findings suggesting causal interpretations were: (a) alcohol intakes and cirrhosis of the liver, cancer of the mouth, and cancer of the larynx; (b) total fat intakes and multiple sclerosis, cancer of the large intestine, and cancer of the breast; and (c) beer and cancer of the rectum.
对20个不同国家（包括欧洲的17个国家以及加拿大、美国和日本）的主要食品和营养素摄入量与主要死因之间的统计相关性进行了研究。还进行了辅助研究，分析了纳入和排除日本的影响，以及各种统计标准化程序的影响。识别出了复杂的饮食模式，这些模式既与地理纬度有关，也与富裕程度有关；反过来，它们又与复杂的死亡模式相关。确定了特别关注特定关联的标准，部分基于统计显著性检验，也基于已知病因疾病提供的关联强度标准。提示因果解释的研究结果包括：（a）酒精摄入量与肝硬化、口腔癌和喉癌；（b）总脂肪摄入量与多发性硬化症、大肠癌和乳腺癌；以及（c）啤酒与直肠癌。
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