Arden G B, Hall M J
Applied Vision Research Unit, City University, London, UK.
Eye (Lond). 1995;9 ( Pt 6):686-96. doi: 10.1038/eye.1995.180.
The objects of the study were to determine: (1) whether United Kingdom ophthalmologists who used argon lasers had the elevation of colour-contrast thresholds previously discovered and (2) whether other users of argon lasers showed any unusual loss of colour vision. A total of 1072 UK ophthalmologists filled in a questionnaire about their professional use of lasers, the length of time spent operating, and their out-of-doors activities. Their colour vision was then tested by a new sensitive system, and if any abnormality was detected, a clinical eye examination was performed. The results were as follows: (1) Colour vision testing was shown to be reliable. Any self-selection bias was excluded. Test-retest variability was small. Normal results did not change during the survey. (2) A number of men with high red-green thresholds were discovered. Some were aware of their congenital insensitivity. The frequency of all such defects was less than the known incidence of congenital colour deficiency in the male population. (3) Additionally a number of high tritan (blue-yellow) thresholds were encountered, some associated with reported diabetes and hypertension. In other cases of this type, undetected or unacknowledged systemic disease may be present. (4) After making allowance for all these incidental causes of loss of colour vision, and for the effect of age on colour vision (which is very small) only four of the sample were > 2 SD above normal. (5) However, the average blue-yellow thresholds of ophthalmologists were slightly and highly significantly raised compared with normal, in the first year of the survey. During the second and third years, the mean thresholds declined to normal. Similar but less significant findings were found for protan thresholds. It is concluded that the enhanced safety precautions recently introduced are associated with a recovery of colour vision in this population, demonstrating that any changes to individuals were reversible. Colour vision screening has proved able to detect mild ocular abnormalities due to systemic and congenital disease.
（1）使用氩激光的英国眼科医生是否存在先前发现的颜色对比度阈值升高的情况；（2）其他氩激光使用者是否有任何异常的色觉丧失。共有1072名英国眼科医生填写了一份关于他们专业使用激光的情况、操作时间长度以及户外活动情况的问卷。然后用一种新的敏感系统对他们的色觉进行测试，如果检测到任何异常，就进行临床眼部检查。结果如下：（1）色觉测试被证明是可靠的。排除了任何自我选择偏差。重测变异性很小。在调查期间正常结果没有变化。（2）发现了一些红绿色阈值较高的男性。一些人意识到自己先天性不敏感。所有这类缺陷的频率低于男性人群中已知的先天性色觉缺陷发生率。（3）此外，还遇到了一些较高的蓝黄色（三原色）阈值，其中一些与报告的糖尿病和高血压有关。在其他这类情况下，可能存在未被发现或未被承认的全身性疾病。（4）在考虑了所有这些导致色觉丧失的偶然原因以及年龄对色觉的影响（影响非常小）之后，样本中只有4人的色觉高于正常水平2个标准差以上。（5）然而，在调查的第一年，与正常情况相比，眼科医生的平均蓝黄色阈值略有升高且具有高度显著性。在第二年和第三年，平均阈值下降到正常水平。对于红色盲阈值也发现了类似但不太显著的结果。得出的结论是，最近引入的加强安全预防措施与该人群色觉的恢复有关，表明个体的任何变化都是可逆的。色觉筛查已被证明能够检测出由于全身性和先天性疾病导致的轻度眼部异常。
