Hartung G H, Farge E J
J Gerontol. 1977 Sep;32(5):541-8. doi: 10.1093/geronj/32.5.541.
A series of personality and physiological tests and measurements were made in 48 healthy male runners and joggers 40-59 years of age (x = 47.3 yrs.). The Cattell 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire showed that the subjects were significantly more intelligent, imaginative, reserved, self-sufficient, sober, shy, and forthright than the general population. A maximal treadmill test revealed the men to be well above the mean for their age in terms of cardiorespiratory fitness. The men who had run a marathon race and the 40-49-year-age group were higher in terms of fitness than nonmarathoners and the 50-59-age groups, but the groups differed very little from each other on personality characteristics. Middle-aged runners and joggers either possess or develop high levels of self-sufficiency and imagination and tend toward introversion in their personality makeup. It is not known for sure if these factors are a result of or a casual factor in their habitual exercise pattern.
对48名年龄在40至59岁（平均年龄47.3岁）的健康男性跑步者和慢跑者进行了一系列的性格和生理测试及测量。卡特尔16种人格因素问卷显示，与普通人群相比，这些受试者明显更聪明、更有想象力、更内向、更自给自足、更冷静、更害羞且更直率。一项最大跑步机测试表明，这些男性在心肺适能方面远高于其年龄组的平均水平。参加过马拉松比赛的男性以及40至49岁年龄组在适能方面高于未参加马拉松比赛的男性和50至59岁年龄组，但两组在性格特征上差异很小。中年跑步者和慢跑者要么具备要么培养出了高度的自给自足和想象力，并且在性格构成上倾向于内向。目前尚不确定这些因素是他们习惯性运动模式的结果还是偶然因素。
