Haglund M, Forsgren M, Lindh G, Lindquist L
Department of Infectious Diseases, Stockholm Country Council, Huddinge Hospital, Sweden.
Scand J Infect Dis. 1996;28(3):217-24. doi: 10.3109/00365549609027160.
143 people treated for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) were included in a retrospective follow-up study. Sequelae and epidemiological characteristics in 114 individuals were analysed. The case fatality rate and the prevalence of residual paresis were low, 1.4 and 2.7%, respectively. However, 40 (35.7%) individuals were found to have a postencephalitic syndrome after a median follow-up time of 47 months, and a majority (77.5%) of these were classified as moderate to severe. Various mental disorders, balance and co-ordination disorders and headache were the most frequently reported symptoms. Increasing age was correlated to a longer duration of hospital stay, longer convalescence and increased risk of permanent sequelae. Results from a neuropsychiatric questionnaire showed marked differences between the subjects with sequelae compared to controls. 57% had noticed a tick bite before admission, and 48% were aware of at least one person in their environment who previously had contracted TBE. 79% were permanent residents or visited endemic areas often and regularly. In conclusion, we have found that TBE in the Stockholm area has a low case fatality rate, but gives rise to a considerable number of different neurological and mental sequelae, which justifies vaccination of a defined risk population in endemic areas.
143名接受蜱传脑炎（TBE）治疗的患者被纳入一项回顾性随访研究。分析了114名个体的后遗症和流行病学特征。病死率和残留麻痹的患病率较低，分别为1.4%和2.7%。然而，在中位随访时间47个月后，发现40名（35.7%）个体患有脑炎后综合征，其中大多数（77.5%）被归类为中度至重度。各种精神障碍、平衡和协调障碍以及头痛是最常报告的症状。年龄增长与住院时间延长、康复期延长以及永久性后遗症风险增加相关。神经精神问卷的结果显示，有后遗症的受试者与对照组之间存在明显差异。57%的人在入院前注意到被蜱叮咬，48%的人知道其周围环境中至少有一人以前感染过TBE。79%是常住居民或经常定期访问疫区。总之，我们发现斯德哥尔摩地区的TBE病死率较低，但会引发相当数量的不同神经和精神后遗症，这证明对疫区特定风险人群进行疫苗接种是合理的。
