Ogita F, Hara M, Tabata I
Swimming Performance Laboratory, National Institute of Fitness and Sports, Kagoshima, Japan.
Acta Physiol Scand. 1996 Aug;157(4):435-41. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-201X.1996.490237000.x.
In the present study, we determined both anaerobic capacity (the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) during arm stroke (A), leg kicking (K), and whole body swimming (S), and compared them. The subjects were six trained college swimmers (two male and four female), aged 20 +/- 1 years. To determine VO2max for A, K and S, VO2max was measured during a 6-min swim at constant water flow rates. VO2 was measured by the Douglas bag method. Anaerobic capacity was determined by accumulated oxygen deficit during exercise lasting 2-3 min according to the methods of Medbø et al. Mean values of VO2max during A, K and S were 2.53 +/- 0.37 L min-1, 2.93 +/- 0.37 L min-1, and 3.23 +/- 0.43 L min-1, respectively. Those in A and K corresponded to 78.2% and 91.0% of that in S. Mean values of anaerobic capacity during A, K and S were 2.15 +/- 0.31 L, 2.52 +/- 1.08 L and 2.99 +/- 0.52 L, respectively. Those in A and K corresponded to 73.3% and 81.7% of that in S. Both VO2max and anaerobic capacity in S were much lower than the sum of A and K, corresponding to only 59.3% and 65.9%, respectively. These results suggest that the total energy production during S is lower than simply the sum of A and K because the potentials of both the anaerobic and aerobic energy releasing processes in the muscle groups involved in A and K cannot be fully reached during S.
在本研究中，我们测定了手臂划水（A）、腿部打水（K）和全身游泳（S）过程中的无氧能力（最大累积氧亏）和最大摄氧量（VO₂max），并对其进行了比较。受试者为六名受过训练的大学游泳运动员（两名男性和四名女性），年龄20±1岁。为了测定A、K和S的VO₂max，在以恒定水流速度进行6分钟游泳期间测量VO₂max。VO₂通过道格拉斯袋法测量。根据Medbø等人的方法，通过持续2 - 3分钟运动期间的累积氧亏来确定无氧能力。A、K和S期间VO₂max的平均值分别为2.53±0.37升/分钟、2.93±0.37升/分钟和3.23±0.43升/分钟。A和K中的VO₂max分别相当于S中的78.2%和91.0%。A、K和S期间无氧能力的平均值分别为2.15±0.31升、2.52±1.08升和2.99±0.52升。A和K中的无氧能力分别相当于S中的73.3%和81.7%。S中的VO₂max和无氧能力均远低于A和K的总和，分别仅相当于59.3%和65.9%。这些结果表明，S期间的总能量产生低于A和K简单相加的结果，因为在S期间，参与A和K的肌肉群中无氧和有氧能量释放过程的潜力无法完全发挥出来。
