Allen J P, Hauser S T, Borman-Spurrell E
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1996 Apr;64(2):254-63. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.64.2.254.
This study examined long-term sequelae of severe adolescent psychopathology from the perspective of adult attachment theory. The study compared 66 upper-middle-class adolescents who were psychiatrically hospitalized at age 14 for problems other than thought or organic disorders, to 76 sociodemographically similar high school students. When reinterviewed at age 25, virtually all of the previously hospitalized adolescents displayed insecure attachment organizations, in contrast to a more typical mixture of security and insecurity in the former high school sample. Lack of resolution of previous trauma with attachment figures accounted for much of this insecurity. Insecurity in adult attachment organization at age 25 was also linked to self-reported criminal behavior and use of hard drugs in young adulthood. These findings are discussed as reflecting a substantial and enduring connection between attachment organization and severe adolescent psychopathology and a possible role of attachment organization in mediating some of the long-term sequelae of such psychopathology.
本研究从成人依恋理论的角度审视了严重青少年精神病理学的长期后遗症。该研究将66名14岁时因思维或器质性疾病以外的问题而接受精神病住院治疗的中上层青少年与76名社会人口统计学特征相似的高中生进行了比较。在25岁时再次接受访谈时，几乎所有之前住院的青少年都表现出不安全的依恋模式，相比之下，之前高中样本中安全和不安全的模式更为典型。与依恋对象之前的创伤未得到解决是造成这种不安全感的主要原因。25岁时成人依恋模式中的不安全感还与自我报告的犯罪行为以及青年期使用硬性毒品有关。这些发现被认为反映了依恋模式与严重青少年精神病理学之间存在实质性且持久的联系，以及依恋模式在介导此类精神病理学的一些长期后遗症方面可能发挥的作用。
