Puelacher W C, Vacanti J P, Ferraro N F, Schloo B, Vacanti C A
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Leopold Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1996 Jun;25(3):223-8. doi: 10.1016/s0901-5027(96)80035-x.
Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles and methods of engineering and the life sciences to the development of biologic substitutes. Bovine periosteum-derived cells were cultivated in vitro, put onto bioresorbable polymer fiber constructs, and allowed to grow until most of the fibers were coated with multiple layers of osteoblasts. Standardized 9-mm nonhealing defects were created in 24 male athymic rats femurs and bridged with titanium miniplates. In 12 animals, the defects were filled with polymer constructs containing periosteum-derived cells (experimental group); in another 12 animals, the defects were either left unfilled (control group I) or filled with polymer templates alone (control group II). After 12-week in vivo implantation, the new bone produced bridged the surgically created defects completely in seven of 10 cases. The animals of the control groups did not show significant bone formation in the gap. Histologic evaluation revealed bone formation in all experimental specimens with rests of cartilage islands showing hypertrophying chondrocytes indicative of enchondral bone formation. Tissue-engineered growth of bone resulted in healing of large segmental bone defects in an orthotopic site in an animal model. The findings of this study support potential applications of the technique of tissue-engineered growth of bone to clinical situations where local bone formation is needed.
组织工程是一个跨学科领域，它将工程学和生命科学的原理及方法应用于生物替代品的研发。将牛骨膜来源的细胞在体外培养，置于可生物吸收的聚合物纤维构建体上，使其生长直至大部分纤维被多层成骨细胞覆盖。在24只雄性无胸腺大鼠的股骨上制造标准化的9毫米不愈合缺损，并用微型钛板桥接。在12只动物中，缺损用含有骨膜来源细胞的聚合物构建体填充（实验组）；在另外12只动物中，缺损要么不填充（对照组I），要么仅用聚合物模板填充（对照组II）。体内植入12周后，新形成的骨在10例中的7例中完全桥接了手术造成的缺损。对照组动物的间隙中未显示出明显的骨形成。组织学评估显示，所有实验标本中均有骨形成，有软骨岛残余，显示有肥大软骨细胞，提示软骨内骨形成。骨的组织工程生长导致动物模型原位大段骨缺损的愈合。本研究结果支持骨组织工程生长技术在需要局部骨形成的临床情况中的潜在应用。
