Chugani H T, Müller R A, Chugani D C
Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit 48201-2196, USA.
Brain Dev. 1996 Sep-Oct;18(5):347-56. doi: 10.1016/0387-7604(96)00032-0.
Developmental brain plasticity in association with focal brain injury is dependent on a number of factors, including age of the individual at the time of injury, size and topography of the brain lesion, maturational state of the brain system injured, integrity of brain areas surrounding and contralateral to the lesion, presence and duration of epilepsy, and medication effects. Recently developed functional neuroimaging tools now make it possible to study non-invasively several aspects of human brain functional reorganization in response to injury. Clinical models which are suitable for the study of developmental brain plasticity include patients who have undergone cortical resections for the alleviation of intractable epilepsy, patients who have sustained unilateral cerebrovascular insults at various periods of development, patients with chronic progressive unilateral brain injury such as in the Sturge-Weber syndrome, and patients with early sensory deprivation such as blind or deaf subjects. Although evidence of functional brain reorganization can be demonstrated in these models, it is emphasized that the neurobiological rules that govern intrahemispheric versus interhemispheric reorganization of function in the brain are, at present, poorly understood.
与局灶性脑损伤相关的发育性脑可塑性取决于多种因素，包括个体受伤时的年龄、脑损伤的大小和部位、受损脑系统的成熟状态、损伤周围及对侧脑区的完整性、癫痫的存在及持续时间以及药物作用。最近开发的功能神经成像工具现在使得无创研究人类脑功能重组对损伤的多个方面成为可能。适用于研究发育性脑可塑性的临床模型包括因缓解难治性癫痫而接受皮质切除术的患者、在不同发育阶段遭受单侧脑血管损伤的患者、患有慢性进行性单侧脑损伤（如斯特奇-韦伯综合征）的患者以及早期感觉剥夺患者（如盲或聋受试者）。尽管在这些模型中可以证明脑功能重组的证据，但需要强调的是，目前对大脑半球内与半球间功能重组所遵循的神经生物学规则了解甚少。
