Rainey C J, McKeown R E, Sargent R G, Valois R F
Dept. of Public Health, Clemson University, SC 29634-1705, USA.
J Sch Health. 1996 Jan;66(1):27-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06254.x.
Through a statewide random design, 7,846 9th to 12th grade students in 81 South Carolina public schools were selected to complete the Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square, general linear models, and logistic regression were used to examine the relation between the independent variables of race, gender, and physical activity status with the dependent variables of tobacco and alcohol use while controlling for race, gender, and participation in physical education classes. The six physical activity levels ranged from sedentary nonathletes to athletes participating on two or more sports teams. Highly active athletes drank more frequently than did low-activity nonathletes (p = .002) and sedentary nonathletes (p = .006), and they were more likely to binge drink (p = .004). Athletic groups were less likely to smoke than were the nonathletic groups (p < .0001) with "sedentary nonathletes" the heaviest smokers of all groups. Athletes were more likely to use smokeless tobacco (p < .0001) than nonathletes although this difference disappeared when controlling for gender and race. This research supports other findings about prevalence of smokeless tobacco use among athletic youth. In addition, it reveals that athletic youth are at an increased risk of alcohol use and binge drinking. Possible factors such as the risk-taking tendencies of team sport athletes should be investigated.
通过全州范围的随机设计，从南卡罗来纳州81所公立学校的7846名9至12年级学生中选取学生完成青少年风险行为调查。使用曼特尔 - 亨泽尔卡方检验、一般线性模型和逻辑回归来检验种族、性别和体育活动状况等自变量与烟草和酒精使用等因变量之间的关系，同时控制种族、性别以及参加体育课的情况。六种体育活动水平从久坐不动的非运动员到参加两个或更多运动队的运动员不等。高活跃度的运动员比低活跃度的非运动员（p = 0.002）和久坐不动的非运动员（p = 0.006）饮酒频率更高，并且他们更有可能暴饮（p = 0.004）。运动组比非运动组吸烟的可能性更小（p < 0.0001），“久坐不动的非运动员”是所有组中吸烟最多的。运动员比非运动员更有可能使用无烟烟草（p < 0.0001），不过在控制性别和种族后这种差异消失了。这项研究支持了其他关于青少年运动员中无烟烟草使用流行情况的研究结果。此外，研究表明青少年运动员饮酒和暴饮的风险增加。诸如团队运动运动员的冒险倾向等可能因素应予以调查。
