Becker D R, Drake R E, Farabaugh A, Bond G R
New Hampshire-Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center, Concord 03301, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 1996 Nov;47(11):1223-6. doi: 10.1176/ps.47.11.1223.
The job preferences of adults with severe mental illness who were participating in supported employment programs were examined.
Data were collected on job preferences, attainment of competitive employment, job satisfaction, and job tenure of 135 adults who participated in two supported employment programs in New Hampshire. Data obtained at baseline and at six-month follow-up were analyzed.
When the clients entered the supported employment programs, 81 percent expressed job preferences, and their preferences tended to be realistic and stable. People who obtained employment in preferred areas were more satisfied with their jobs and remained in their jobs twice as long as those who worked in nonpreferred areas. Clients were more likely to develop a new job preference or to change their preference if they participated in a program that emphasized rapid job search than if they participated in a prevocational skills training program. They were also more likely to develop a preference or change their preference if they obtained a competitive job.
Helping people with severe mental illness obtain competitive jobs that correspond with their explicit job preferences increases job satisfaction and tenure. Job preferences are more likely to develop or change through searching for a job or working at a job than through prevocational training.
研究参与支持性就业项目的重度精神疾病成年人的工作偏好。
收集了135名参与新罕布什尔州两个支持性就业项目的成年人的工作偏好、获得竞争性就业的情况、工作满意度和工作任期数据。对基线和六个月随访时获得的数据进行了分析。
当客户进入支持性就业项目时，81%的人表达了工作偏好，且他们的偏好往往现实且稳定。在偏好领域获得工作的人对工作更满意，在工作岗位上停留的时间是在非偏好领域工作的人的两倍。与参加职业前技能培训项目相比，如果客户参加强调快速求职的项目，他们更有可能形成新的工作偏好或改变偏好。如果他们获得了竞争性工作，他们也更有可能形成偏好或改变偏好。
帮助重度精神疾病患者获得与其明确工作偏好相符的竞争性工作可提高工作满意度和任期。与职业前培训相比，通过寻找工作或从事工作，工作偏好更有可能形成或改变。
