Satoh T, Omae K, Nakashima H, Takebayashi T, Matsumura H, Kawai T, Nakaza M, Sakurai H
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical College, Japan.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1996;68(3):147-53. doi: 10.1007/BF00381623.
In order to clarify the effects of acetone (AC) exposure on health, a cross-sectional study was carried out in 110 male AC-exposed and 67 male nonexposed shift workers. The AC workers ranged in age from 18.7 to 56.8 years (mean: 37.6 years) and in length of AC exposure from 0.5 to 34.3 years (mean: 14.9 years). The nonexposed workers ranged in age from 20.7 to 57.5 years (mean: 41.9 years). AC exposure levels assessed by personal passive monitors and biological monitoring indices measured at the end of the workshift were 19.6-1018 ppm in the breathing zone (AC-E, mean: 364 ppm), 2.5-422 ppm in alveolar air (AC-A, mean: 97.3 ppm) 4-220 mg/l in blood (AC-B, mean 66.0 ppm), and 0.75-170 mg/l in urine (AC-U, mean: 37.8 mg/l). Symptoms at the end of the workshift with good exposure-response relationships were eye irritation, tearing, and acetone odor, and symptoms within the previous 6 months with good exposure-response relationships were heavy, vague, or faint feeling in the head, nausea, loss of weight, and slow healing of an external wound. In the 30-44 year age range, simple reaction time and digit span scores in a short computerized neuro-behavioral test battery were significantly lower in AC workers, but exposure-response relationships were not clear. Manifest Anxiety Scale scores, Self-rating Depression Scale scores, R-R interval variation on the ECG, hematological examinations, serum biochemistry examinations for liver function, and phagocytic activity of peripheral neutrophils did not show any AC-related differences between the two groups. In view of the reported findings, the current occupational exposure limit of 750 ppm recommended by many governmental and academic associations seems to be too high to prevent the health effects of AC observed in this study.
为阐明丙酮（AC）暴露对健康的影响，对110名接触AC的男性轮班工人和67名未接触AC的男性轮班工人进行了一项横断面研究。接触AC的工人年龄在18.7至56.8岁之间（平均：37.6岁），AC暴露时长在0.5至34.3年之间（平均：14.9年）。未接触AC的工人年龄在20.7至57.5岁之间（平均：41.9岁）。通过个人被动监测仪评估的AC暴露水平以及在工作班次结束时测量的生物监测指标如下：呼吸带中的AC暴露水平为19.6 - 1018 ppm（AC - E，平均：364 ppm），肺泡气中的AC暴露水平为2.5 - 422 ppm（AC - A，平均：97.3 ppm），血液中的AC暴露水平为4 - 220 mg/l（AC - B，平均：66.0 ppm），尿液中的AC暴露水平为0.75 - 170 mg/l（AC - U，平均：37.8 mg/l）。在工作班次结束时，具有良好暴露 - 反应关系的症状为眼睛刺激、流泪和丙酮气味，而在过去6个月内具有良好暴露 - 反应关系的症状为头部沉重、模糊或轻微的感觉、恶心、体重减轻以及体表伤口愈合缓慢。在30 - 44岁年龄范围内，接触AC的工人在简短的计算机化神经行为测试电池中的简单反应时间和数字广度得分显著较低，但暴露 - 反应关系并不明确。明尼苏达多项人格测验焦虑量表得分、自评抑郁量表得分、心电图上的R - R间期变化、血液学检查、肝功能血清生化检查以及外周中性粒细胞的吞噬活性在两组之间未显示出任何与AC相关的差异。鉴于所报告的研究结果，许多政府和学术协会推荐的当前750 ppm职业接触限值似乎过高，无法预防本研究中观察到的AC对健康的影响。
