Smith R W, Kounios J
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Boulder, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1996 Nov;22(6):1443-62. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.22.6.1443.
Issues surrounding the discreteness or continuity of cognitive processes have played a major role in experimental psychology, although there has been relatively little work that directly addresses these topics. Nevertheless, there has been a shift away from discrete models and toward continuous ones. The research reported in this article demonstrates discrete processing of information in an anagram task selected because of its similarity to insight problems, which seem subjectively to produce discrete "illumination" during processing. The authors used speed-accuracy decomposition (SAD), a relatively new technique for investigating the time course of information processing. The results of 2 experiments indicate little or no partial information in the anagram tasks, in contrast to previous research with SAD, all of which has revealed partial information. General models of human information processing must therefore be able to account for both patterns.
围绕认知过程的离散性或连续性的问题在实验心理学中发挥了重要作用,尽管直接探讨这些主题的研究相对较少。然而,研究趋势已从离散模型转向连续模型。本文所报告的研究表明,在一项因与顿悟问题相似而被选中的字谜任务中存在信息的离散处理,顿悟问题在主观上似乎在处理过程中会产生离散的“顿悟”。作者使用了速度 - 准确性分解(SAD),这是一种用于研究信息处理时间进程的相对较新的技术。与之前所有揭示了部分信息的SAD研究不同,两项实验的结果表明字谜任务中几乎没有或不存在部分信息。因此,人类信息处理的通用模型必须能够解释这两种模式。