Sonis J, Gorenflo D W, Jha P, Williams C
Department of Family Practice, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0708, USA.
JAMA. 1996 Nov 27;276(20):1676-8.
To determine the extent to which human rights issues are included in required bioethics curricula in US medical schools and to identify medical school characteristics associated with the extent of human rights issues covered.
Cross-sectional survey.
Bioethics course directors and bioethics section directors of 125 US medical schools.
The extent of human rights teaching at each school was measured as the percentage of 16 human rights issues.
Course directors at 113 (90%) of the 125 US medical schools responded to the survey. Medical schools included about half (45%; 95% confidence interval, 41%-49%) of 16 human rights issues in their required bioethics curricula. Domestic human rights issues, such as discrimination in the provision of health care to minorities (82% of medical schools), were covered much more frequently than international human rights issues, such as physician participation in torture (17% of schools). Public medical schools included substantially fewer human rights issues than private medical schools (F[1,112]=7.7; P<.01).
Required courses in medical education do not adequately address the medical aspects of human rights issues, especially international issues.
确定美国医学院校规定的生物伦理学课程中纳入人权问题的程度，并确定与所涵盖人权问题程度相关的医学院校特征。
横断面调查。
125所美国医学院校的生物伦理学课程主任和生物伦理学部门主任。
以16项人权问题的百分比来衡量每所学校的人权教学程度。
125所美国医学院校中有113所（90%）的课程主任回复了调查。医学院校在其规定的生物伦理学课程中纳入了约一半（45%；95%置信区间，41%-49%）的16项人权问题。国内人权问题，如在为少数群体提供医疗保健方面的歧视（82%的医学院校涉及），比国际人权问题，如医生参与酷刑（17%的学校涉及），被涵盖的频率要高得多。公立医学院校纳入的人权问题比私立医学院校少得多（F[1,112]=7.7；P<.01）。
医学教育中的必修课未能充分解决人权问题的医学方面，尤其是国际问题。
