Everett S A, Price J H
Department of Health Promotion and Human Performance, University of Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 1995 Dec;17(6):345-52. doi: 10.1016/1054-139X(94)00185-H.
To investigate secondary school students' perceptions of violence in American public schools.
Subjects included 726 public school students in grades 7 through 12. A two-stage clustered and stratified (by grade level, region, and location) sample design was used to obtain the sample. Each student completed a self-administered survey instrument under the supervision of their teacher.
The sample was 54% female and the majority of students were white. One in five students reported living in a neighborhood with a lot or some crime. In the majority of cases, males, students from neighborhoods in which crime was prevalent, and students with low academic achievement were most likely to have committed acts of violence. Almost a third of the boys, 7% of girls, and 40% of those who earned poor grades reported having ever carried a weapon to school. One in ten boys and almost 20% of those who earned poor grades reported threatening a teacher. One in four students reported having ever been a victim of violence at or around school, and 14% were very worried or somewhat worried about being physically attacked or hurt at school. One in four students believed the efforts by their schools to address violence were less than adequate.
Schools cannot ignore the need to create a safe environment by coordinating deterrents to violence through discipline, prevention, and education. Because schools alone cannot eliminate the problem of violence, communities must also be involved by working with the schools to create a safe and nurturing environment which fosters learning.
调查中学生对美国公立学校暴力行为的看法。
研究对象包括726名7至12年级的公立学校学生。采用两阶段整群分层抽样设计（按年级、地区和地点分层）来获取样本。每位学生在老师的监督下完成一份自行填写的调查问卷。
样本中54%为女生，大多数学生是白人。五分之一的学生报告称生活在犯罪较多或有一些犯罪行为的社区。在大多数情况下，男性、来自犯罪高发社区的学生以及学业成绩较差的学生最有可能实施暴力行为。近三分之一的男生、7%的女生以及40%成绩较差的学生报告称曾携带武器上学。十分之一的男生以及近20%成绩较差的学生报告称曾威胁过老师。四分之一的学生报告称曾在学校或学校周边成为暴力行为的受害者，14%的学生非常担心或有点担心在学校会受到身体攻击或伤害。四分之一的学生认为学校在解决暴力问题上所做的努力不够充分。
学校不能忽视通过纪律、预防和教育来协调对暴力行为的威慑，从而创造一个安全环境的必要性。由于仅靠学校无法消除暴力问题，社区也必须参与进来，与学校合作营造一个安全且有利于学习的育人环境。
