Tompkins R L
Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, USA.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1996 Jan;99(1):103-18. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199601)99:1<103::AID-AJPA6>3.0.CO;2-1.
The relative development of permanent teeth in samples of Neandertal/archaic Homo and Early Modern/Upper Paleolithic hominids is compared to the range of variability found in three recent human samples. Both fossil hominid samples are advanced in relative M2 and M3 development compared to white French-Canadians, but only the Neandertal/archaic Homo M3 sample is advanced when compared to black southern Africans. Both fossil hominid samples are delayed in relative I1 and P3 development compared to the recent human samples. Two hypotheses concerning the significance of the advanced M3 and M2 development found in both hominid groups and southern Africans compared to French-Canadians are discussed. The first postulates that the differences in relative molar development are due simply to variation in tooth/jaw size relationships. The second postulates that the relatively advanced M3 and M2 development found in the fossil hominids and southern Africans is a correlate of their potential for advanced skeletal maturation compared to French-Canadians and other European-derived populations. It appears that dental development patterns have continued to evolve from the Upper Pleistocene to present times, and that Neandertals and Early Moderns shared similar patterns of relative dental development.
将尼安德特人/古代智人以及早期现代人/旧石器时代晚期人类样本中恒牙的相对发育情况，与近期三个现代人类样本中发现的变异范围进行了比较。与法国裔加拿大白人相比，两个化石类人猿样本在M2和M3的相对发育上更为超前，但与南非黑人相比，只有尼安德特人/古代智人的M3样本更为超前。与现代人类样本相比，两个化石类人猿样本在I1和P3的相对发育上有所延迟。讨论了关于两个类人猿群体以及南非人与法国裔加拿大人相比M3和M2发育超前的意义的两种假说。第一种假说假定，相对磨牙发育的差异仅仅是由于牙齿/颌骨大小关系的变化。第二种假说假定，在化石类人猿和南非人中发现的相对超前的M3和M2发育，与他们相对于法国裔加拿大人和其他欧洲裔人群而言具有更高的骨骼成熟潜力相关。看来牙齿发育模式从上更新世至今一直在持续演变，而且尼安德特人和早期现代人有着相似的相对牙齿发育模式。
