Imajo S
Department of Human Behavioral Science, Hokkaido University of Education, Hakodate.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1996 Feb;66(6):431-6. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.66.431.
An experiment was conducted to examine which was crucial for the reactance effect on attitude change: discrepancy, initial position or prerequisite conditions for reactance arousal. Initial receiver attitudes were one of the five levels: moderate or extreme agreement (the least discrepancy), slight agreement, neutral, slight disagreement, and moderate or extreme disagreement (the most discrepancy), and threat to attitudinal freedom was manipulated. Prerequisite conditions for reactance arousal were also measured. Threat manipulation significantly reduced opinion change only among receivers at neutral or moderate/extreme disagreement position. In addition, examination of prerequisites showed that compliance in high threat condition was significantly less for receivers who had been uncertain about their own initial position and had perceived the issue important (freedom-of-choice group) and those who had perceived the attacked position as both possible and important (freedom-of-position group). Theoretical and practical significance of prerequisites for reactance arousal is discussed.
进行了一项实验，以检验对态度改变的反抗效应而言，哪个因素至关重要：差异、初始立场还是引发反抗的前提条件。初始接受者态度为五个水平之一：中度或极度赞同（差异最小）、轻微赞同、中立、轻微反对以及中度或极度反对（差异最大），并对态度自由的威胁进行了操控。还测量了引发反抗的前提条件。威胁操控仅在处于中立或中度/极度反对立场的接受者中显著减少了观点改变。此外，对前提条件的检验表明，对于那些对自己的初始立场不确定且认为该问题重要的接受者（选择自由组）以及那些认为被攻击的立场既可能又重要的接受者（立场自由组），在高威胁条件下的顺从程度显著更低。讨论了引发反抗的前提条件的理论和实践意义。
