Murata M, Takayama K, Choi B C, Pak A W
Division of Epidemiology, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.
Cancer Detect Prev. 1996;20(6):557-65.
A nested case-control study was conducted to investigate the effect of alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking on cancers of various sites. The study population was based on 887 cases and 1774 controls, selected from a cohort of 17,200 male participants of a gastric mass survey in 1984, who were followed up for 9 years by the Chiba Cancer Registry, Japan. The odds ratio (OR) of colon cancer was significantly elevated in alcohol drinkers of one cup of sake-equivalent (27 ml ethanol) per day (OR = 3.5), and three cups of sake-equivalents per day (OR = 3.2) compared with nondrinkers, but its dose-response was not clear since two cups of sake-equivalents per day had an OR of 1.9, which was nonsignificant. Cancer risk elevation was especially predominant in the proximal colon, again showing no dose-response: OR = 30.7 for one cup of sake-equivalent per day, OR = 12.4 for two or more cups per day. Lung cancer showed a dose-response relationship with alcohol consumption, independent of tobacco smoking. A synergistic effect of alcohol intake and tobacco smoking was observed for upper aerodigestive tract and bladder cancer. Both alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking were found not to be associated with stomach cancer.
开展了一项巢式病例对照研究，以调查饮酒和吸烟对各部位癌症的影响。研究人群基于887例病例和1774例对照，这些病例和对照选自1984年一项胃癌大规模调查的17200名男性参与者队列，日本千叶癌症登记处对其进行了9年的随访。与不饮酒者相比，每天饮用一杯清酒当量（27毫升乙醇）的饮酒者患结肠癌的比值比（OR）显著升高（OR = 3.5），每天饮用三杯清酒当量的饮酒者患结肠癌的比值比（OR = 3.2），但由于每天饮用两杯清酒当量的OR为1.9，无统计学意义，其剂量反应关系不明确。癌症风险升高在近端结肠尤为显著，同样未显示出剂量反应：每天饮用一杯清酒当量的OR = 30.7，每天饮用两杯或更多杯的OR = 12.4。肺癌显示出与饮酒的剂量反应关系，与吸烟无关。在上消化道癌和膀胱癌中观察到饮酒和吸烟的协同作用。发现饮酒和吸烟均与胃癌无关。
