陈述性和非陈述性记忆系统的结构与功能。
Structure and function of declarative and nondeclarative memory systems.
作者信息
Squire L R, Zola S M
机构信息
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 26;93(24):13515-22. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.24.13515.
Abstract
This article reviews recent studies of memory systems in humans and nonhuman primates. Three major conclusions from recent work are that (i) the capacity for nondeclarative (nonconscious) learning can now be studied in a broad array of tasks that assess classification learning, perceptuomotor skill learning, artificial grammar learning, and prototype abstraction; (ii) cortical areas adjacent to the hippocampal formation, including entorhinal, perirhinal, and parahippocampal cortices, are an essential part of the medial temporal lobe memory system that supports declarative (conscious) memory; and (iii) in humans, bilateral damage limited to the hippocampal formation is nevertheless sufficient to produce severe anterograde amnesia and temporally graded retrograde amnesia covering as much as 25 years.
摘要
本文综述了近期关于人类和非人类灵长类动物记忆系统的研究。近期研究得出的三个主要结论是：（i）现在可以在一系列评估分类学习、感知运动技能学习、人工语法学习和原型抽象的任务中研究非陈述性（无意识）学习能力；（ii）海马结构附近的皮质区域，包括内嗅皮质、嗅周皮质和海马旁皮质，是支持陈述性（有意识）记忆的内侧颞叶记忆系统的重要组成部分；（iii）在人类中，仅局限于海马结构的双侧损伤仍足以导致严重的顺行性遗忘和长达25年的时间梯度逆行性遗忘。
相似文献
1
Structure and function of declarative and nondeclarative memory systems.陈述性和非陈述性记忆系统的结构与功能。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 26;93(24):13515-22. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.24.13515.
2
The fate of old memories after medial temporal lobe damage.内侧颞叶损伤后旧记忆的命运。
J Neurosci. 2006 Dec 20;26(51):13311-7. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4262-06.2006.
3
Mechanisms of memory.记忆机制。
Science. 1986 Jun 27;232(4758):1612-9. doi: 10.1126/science.3086978.
4
The medial temporal lobe memory system.内侧颞叶记忆系统。
Science. 1991 Sep 20;253(5026):1380-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1896849.
5
Amnesia and the hippocampus.失忆症与海马体。
Curr Opin Neurol. 2006 Dec;19(6):593-8. doi: 10.1097/01.wco.0000247608.42320.f9.
6
Perceptual learning, awareness, and the hippocampus.知觉学习、意识与海马体。
Hippocampus. 2001;11(6):776-82. doi: 10.1002/hipo.1093.
7
Ischemic brain damage and memory impairment: a commentary.缺血性脑损伤与记忆障碍：一篇评论
Hippocampus. 1996;6(5):546-52. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1996)6:5<546::AID-HIPO7>3.0.CO;2-G.
8
Images of medial temporal lobe functions in human learning and memory.人类学习与记忆中内侧颞叶功能的影像
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 1998 Jul-Sep;70(1-2):275-83. doi: 10.1006/nlme.1998.3853.
9
The neuroanatomy of amnesia. A critique of the hippocampal memory hypothesis.失忆症的神经解剖学。对海马体记忆假说的批判。
Brain. 1978 Sep;101(3):403-45. doi: 10.1093/brain/101.3.403.
10
The Rhesus Monkey Hippocampus Critically Contributes to Scene Memory Retrieval, But Not New Learning.恒河猴海马体对场景记忆的提取至关重要，但对新学习没有作用。
J Neurosci. 2018 Sep 5;38(36):7800-7808. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0832-18.2018. Epub 2018 Jul 26.
引用本文的文献
1
Stimuli presented on the fringe of awareness do not cause proactive interference.呈现于意识边缘的刺激不会引发前摄干扰。
Neurosci Conscious. 2025 Aug 28;2025(1):niaf027. doi: 10.1093/nc/niaf027. eCollection 2025.
2
Atypical Beta Oscillatory Dynamics Are Related to Poor Procedural Learning in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder.非典型β振荡动力学与发育性协调障碍儿童的程序性学习不良有关。
Dev Sci. 2025 Jul;28(4):e70031. doi: 10.1111/desc.70031.
3
Hippocampal-entorhinal cognitive maps and cortical motor system represent action plans and their outcomes.海马体-内嗅区认知地图和皮质运动系统代表了行动计划及其结果。
Nat Commun. 2025 May 3;16(1):4139. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59153-y.
4
Annual Research Review: Exposure to environmental chemicals and psychosocial stress and the development of children's learning difficulties.年度研究综述：接触环境化学物质和心理社会压力与儿童学习困难的发展
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2025 Apr;66(4):547-568. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.14137.
5
Semantic Memory, Traumatic Brain Injury, and the Iceberg Effect: What Deficits May Lie Below the Surface?语义记忆、创伤性脑损伤与冰山效应：表面之下可能存在哪些缺陷？
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2025 Jun 26;34(3S):1878-1895. doi: 10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00145. Epub 2024 Dec 3.
6
Stereological Analysis of the Rhesus Monkey Perirhinal and Parahippocampal Cortices.恒河猴的边缘叶和旁海马回皮质的体视学分析。
J Comp Neurol. 2024 Nov;532(11):e25684. doi: 10.1002/cne.25684.
7
Hippocampus supports long-term maintenance of language representations: Evidence of impaired collocation knowledge in amnesia.海马体支持语言表征的长期维持：失忆症中搭配知识受损的证据。
Cortex. 2025 Jan;182:71-86. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2024.09.012. Epub 2024 Oct 22.
8
The Role of Implicit Memory in the Development and Recovery from Trauma-Related Disorders.内隐记忆在创伤相关障碍的发展与康复中的作用。
NeuroSci. 2022 Jan 18;3(1):63-88. doi: 10.3390/neurosci3010005. eCollection 2022 Mar.
9
A transient memory lapse in humans 1-3 h after training.训练后1至3小时内人类出现的短暂记忆衰退。
NPJ Sci Learn. 2024 Oct 16;9(1):63. doi: 10.1038/s41539-024-00272-4.
10
White matter alterations associated with chronic cannabis use disorder: a structural network and fixel-based analysis.慢性大麻使用障碍相关的白质改变：结构网络和基于体素的分析。
Transl Psychiatry. 2024 Oct 11;14(1):429. doi: 10.1038/s41398-024-03150-0.
本文引用的文献
1
Loss of recent memory after bilateral hippocampal lesions.双侧海马体损伤后近期记忆丧失。
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1957 Feb;20(1):11-21. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.20.1.11.
2
Parallel brain systems for learning with and without awareness.用于有意识和无意识学习的并行脑系统。
Learn Mem. 1994 Nov-Dec;1(4):217-29.
3
Probabilistic classification learning in amnesia.失忆症中的概率分类学习
Learn Mem. 1994 Jul-Aug;1(2):106-20.
4
Dissociable properties of memory systems: differences in the flexibility of declarative and nondeclarative knowledge.记忆系统的可分离特性：陈述性知识和非陈述性知识灵活性的差异。
Behav Neurosci. 1996 Oct;110(5):861-71. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.110.5.861.
5
Building action repertoires: memory and learning functions of the basal ganglia.构建动作指令库：基底神经节的记忆与学习功能
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 1995 Dec;5(6):733-41. doi: 10.1016/0959-4388(95)80100-6.
6
Three cases of enduring memory impairment after bilateral damage limited to the hippocampal formation.三例双侧损伤局限于海马结构后出现的持续性记忆障碍。
J Neurosci. 1996 Aug 15;16(16):5233-55. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-16-05233.1996.
7
A neostriatal habit learning system in humans.人类的新纹状体习惯学习系统。
Science. 1996 Sep 6;273(5280):1399-402. doi: 10.1126/science.273.5280.1399.
8
Artificial grammar learning depends on implicit acquisition of both abstract and exemplar-specific information.人工语法学习依赖于对抽象信息和特定范例信息的隐性习得。
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1996 Jan;22(1):169-81. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.22.1.169.
9
Learning about categories in the absence of memory.在没有记忆的情况下学习类别。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Dec 19;92(26):12470-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.26.12470.
10
Formation of mnemonic neuronal responses to visual paired associates in inferotemporal cortex is impaired by perirhinal and entorhinal lesions.颞下回皮层中对视觉配对联想的记忆性神经元反应的形成会因嗅周和内嗅皮层损伤而受损。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jan 23;93(2):739-43. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.2.739.
Zotero 插件