Suls J, David J P
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 46448-52242, USA.
J Pers. 1996 Dec;64(4):993-1005. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00951.x.
In this special issue, a third generation of research is represented which recognizes and demonstrates that individual differences in personality play an important role in the coping process. Although progress is apparent, there are several unresolved issues, including the best way to measure coping and whether "type of coping" matters in naturalistic settings. Three potentially important parameters of coping-range, patterning, and competence-are described, but only the first has received systematic empirical attention. The study of coping might also be advanced by researchers giving more attention to the differences between problem situations in which traits are more easily expressed ("weak" situations) versus those where normative criteria and constraints are explicit ("strong" situations).
在本期特刊中,呈现了第三代研究,该研究认识到并证明了人格的个体差异在应对过程中起着重要作用。尽管进展明显,但仍有几个未解决的问题,包括测量应对的最佳方法以及“应对类型”在自然环境中是否重要。文中描述了应对的三个潜在重要参数——范围、模式和能力,但只有第一个参数得到了系统的实证关注。研究人员更多地关注特质更容易表现出来的问题情境(“弱”情境)与规范标准和限制明确的问题情境(“强”情境)之间的差异,可能也会推动对应对的研究。