Picano J J, Edwards H F
VA Northern California Health Care System, Martinez, CA, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1996 Dec;67(12):1119-23.
We identified syndromes based upon prominent psychiatric symptom patterns exhibited by military student pilots with problems in aeronautical adaptation, and evaluated their relationship to subject variables and eventual completion of flight training.
Two aeromedical psychologists retrospectively reviewed consecutive student pilot referrals to the mental health clinic at the U.S. Army Aviation Training Center at Fort Rucker, AL. Data on completion of flight training was later obtained.
We identified 99 cases manifesting symptomatology associated with difficulty establishing aeronautical adaptation. Prominent syndromes (and prevalence) were: Anxiety (26%); Marital Conflict (22%); Somatization (15%); Depression (13%); Phobic Reactions (12%); and Misconduct (11%). Phobic reactions presented earlier in training, whereas marital conflicts were more prominent later in training. All phobic students were eliminated from training; 45% of all others completed training. Completion was significantly more likely for students with Anxiety and Marital Conflicts that manifested after primary flight training.
The identification of discrete syndromes with differing outcomes highlights the need for early identification and classification of student pilots with psychiatric symptoms reflecting difficulty in aeronautical adaptation.
我们根据军事学员飞行员在航空适应方面存在问题时所表现出的突出精神症状模式来确定综合征，并评估它们与受试者变量以及最终完成飞行训练之间的关系。
两名航空医学心理学家对转介至位于阿拉巴马州拉克堡的美国陆军航空训练中心心理健康诊所的连续学员飞行员病例进行了回顾性研究。随后获取了飞行训练完成情况的数据。
我们识别出99例表现出与航空适应困难相关症状的病例。突出的综合征（及其患病率）为：焦虑（26%）；婚姻冲突（22%）；躯体化（15%）；抑郁（13%）；恐惧反应（12%）；以及行为不端（11%）。恐惧反应在训练早期出现，而婚姻冲突在训练后期更为突出。所有有恐惧反应的学员都被淘汰出训练；其他学员中有45%完成了训练。在初级飞行训练后出现焦虑和婚姻冲突的学员完成训练的可能性显著更高。
识别出具有不同结果的离散综合征凸显了对有反映航空适应困难的精神症状的学员飞行员进行早期识别和分类的必要性。
