Knight-Nanan D M, O'Keefe M
Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Br J Ophthalmol. 1996 Nov;80(11):998-1001. doi: 10.1136/bjo.80.11.998.
To compare the refractive error 1 to 3 years after cryotherapy or diode laser treatment for threshold retinopathy of prematurity.
Twenty six infants treated with diode laser and 17 infants treated with cryotherapy underwent cycloplegic refraction during follow up.
After 3 years of follow up, 94.1% of patients had myopia (right eye if bilateral) following cryotherapy and 45.5% of patients had myopia following diode laser treatment. The difference between the two proportions was 48.7% (95% confidence interval 17.8 to 80.1, p = 0.004). In the cryotherapy group 55% of patients were highly myopic (> -6.00 dioptres) while in the laser group there were no high myopes.
In the diode laser group there were significantly fewer myopes than in the cryotherapy group up to 3 years after the procedure. There was no trend towards increasing myopia in the laser treated group and the refraction in these eyes stabilised after 1 year. In the cryotherapy group there was a significant increase in the degree of myopia between year 1 and year 3 of follow up (p = 0.02). Diode laser treatment is thought to be as effective as cryotherapy, and has the added benefit of reducing myopia, in the treatment of ROP.
比较冷冻疗法或二极管激光治疗阈值早产儿视网膜病变后1至3年的屈光不正情况。
26例接受二极管激光治疗的婴儿和17例接受冷冻疗法的婴儿在随访期间接受了睫状肌麻痹验光。
随访3年后，冷冻疗法后94.1%的患者出现近视（双侧者为右眼），二极管激光治疗后45.5%的患者出现近视。两者比例差异为48.7%（95%置信区间17.8至80.1，p = 0.004）。冷冻疗法组中55%的患者为高度近视（>-6.00屈光度），而激光治疗组中无高度近视患者。
在手术后长达3年的时间里，二极管激光治疗组的近视患者明显少于冷冻疗法组。激光治疗组没有近视增加的趋势，这些眼睛的屈光在1年后稳定下来。在冷冻疗法组中，随访第1年至第3年近视度数有显著增加（p = 0.02）。在治疗早产儿视网膜病变方面，二极管激光治疗被认为与冷冻疗法一样有效，并且具有减少近视的额外益处。
